Public participation is a way for stakeholders of public institutions to participate in the decision-making process, planning, organizing, and financing activities achieve common goals. The research underlying this paper examines ability EU states support e-participation various ways activities. aim identify particularities countries regarding analyze comparatively changes that took place admin...

This article is a first attempt to systematically examine policy design and its influence on effectiveness in comparative perspective. We begin by providing novel concept measure of design. Our Average Instrument Diversity (AID) index captures whether governments tend reuse the same instruments instrument combinations or produce solutions that are carefully tailored problem at hand. Second, we ...