Continental magmatic arcs form above subduction zones where the upper plate is continental lithosphere and/or accreted transitional lithosphere. The best-studied examples are found along the western margin of the Americas. They are Earth’s largest sites of intermediate magmatism. They are long lived (tens to hundreds of millions of years) and spatially complex; their location migrates laterally...

Until recently, the genus Epicrates (Boidae) presented only one continental species, Epicrates cenchria, distributed in Central and South America, but after a taxonomic revision using morphologic characters five species were recognized: E. cenchria, E. crassus, E. maurus, E. assisi, and E. alvarezi. We analyzed two independent data sets, environmental niche models and phylogeny based on molecul...

Terrestrial oceanic and continental basalts are enriched by approximately þ0.1% in Fe/Fe ratio relative to primitive, undifferentiated meteorites (chondrites). The dFe values of terrestrial basalts are also distinct from those of basalts from Mars and asteroid Vesta, which have chondritic Fe isotopic compositions. The processes responsible for the isotopic enrichment of terrestrial basalts are ...

Citation: Damodararao K, Singh SK, Rai VK, Ramaswamy V and Rao PS (2016) Lithology, Monsoon and Sea-Surface Current Control on Provenance, Dispersal and Deposition of Sediments over the Andaman Continental Shelf. Front. Mar. Sci. 3:118. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2016.00118 Lithology, Monsoon and Sea-Surface Current Control on Provenance, Dispersal and Deposition of Sediments over the Andaman Continent...

Citation: Riedinger N, Brunner B, Krastel S, Arnold GL, Wehrmann LM, Formolo MJ, Beck A, Bates SM, Henkel S, Kasten S and Lyons TW (2017) Sulfur Cycling in an Iron Oxide-Dominated, Dynamic Marine Depositional System: The Argentine Continental Margin. Front. Earth Sci. 5:33. doi: 10.3389/feart.2017.00033 Sulfur Cycling in an Iron Oxide-Dominated, Dynamic Marine Depositional System: The Argentine...

Continental River Dynamics (CRD) is herein defined as modelling the flow dynamics in all channels of a continental-scale river basin using the physics-based Saint-Venant equations. At the boundary of hydraulics and hydrology, CRD requires significant collaborative efforts to make new progress. Six constraints and seven challenges are identified in the areas of dynamics, dimensionality, resoluti...

Continents, especially their Archean cores, are underlain by thick thermal boundary layers that have been largely isolated from the convecting mantle over billion-year timescales, far exceeding the life span of oceanic thermal boundary layers. This longevity is promoted by the fact that continents are underlain by highly melt-depleted peridotites, which result in a chemically distinct boundary ...

As part of comprehensive joint medical surveillance measures outlined by the Department of Defense, the US Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine (USACHPPM) is beginning to assess environmental health threats to continental US military installations. A common theme in comprehensive joint medical surveillance, in support of Force Health Protection, is the identification and ass...

Tolpis consists of ∼13 species native to Africa, Europe, and Macaronesia, with at least one species endemic to each of the four major archipelagos of the Azores, Madeira Islands, Canary Islands, and Cape Verde Islands. All but two of these species develop woody stems by maturity. Chloroplast DNA restriction site variation was analyzed for all species of Tolpis and four outgroups in order to und...