Background Multilevel significant atherosclerotic disease involving the carotid bifurcation and the proximal ipsilateral common carotid or brachiocephalic arteries presents an uncommon and difficult management problem. Axial (aortocarotid bypass) or extra-anatomic procedures (subclavian–carotid bypass, carotid–carotid bypass, carotid–subclavian transposition) and variations in the performance o...

OBJECTIVES The maxillary sinus mucosa is reported to recover to preoperative sterility after sinus floor elevation. However, when drainage of maxillary sinus is impaired, recovery can be delayed and maxillary sinusitis can occur. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the correlations between anatomic variants that can interrupt the ostium of the maxillary sinus and incidence of complication...