in order to determine the effect of irrigation interval and mulch on growth of olive an experiment was carried out in dallaho olive research station at sarepole. a split plot experiment was used based on a completely randomized design with three replications and two factors (mulch and irrigation interval). each experiment unit consists of 4 trees. land preparation was done in february 2005 in a...

sanitary landfills, created for the disposal of solid waste, usually are developed into parks afterthey are closed. however, soil amelioration with organic matter is usually needed to restore fertility andpromote revegetation. sewage sludge creates a massive waste disposal problem. the use of composted sewage sludge (biosolid) as a soil conditioner might restore the soil fertility at landfill s...

BACKGROUND Traits of non-dominant mixed-forest tree species and their synergies for successful co-occurrence in monodominant Gilbertiodendron dewevrei forest have not yet been investigated. Here we compared the tree species diversity of the monodominant forest with its adjacent mixed forest and then determined which fitness proxies and life history traits of the mixed-forest tree species were m...

In light of the difficulties in stand volume estimation natural forests, we analyzed height–diameter relationships and derived a set height equations for naturally developing forest ecosystems, using Järvselja old-growth Laeva commercial Estonia as case study. This contribution presents an approach to model individual tree Scots pine, common aspen, silver downy birch, Norway spruce, black alder...

Continuous planting is the primary method for managing Eucalyptus plantations. The “space-replacing time” approach assesses growth parameters of trees in China across generations, including height, diameter at breast height (DBH), slenderness ratio, trunk oblateness, and longitudinal strain. findings reveal: (1) significant variations strain occur among with average increasing noticeably; (2) g...

Tree height (H) is one of the most important tree variables and widely used in growth yield models, its measurement often time-consuming costly. Hence, height–diameter (H–D) models have become a great alternative, providing easy-to-use accurate tools for H prediction. In this study, H–D were developed Larix olgensis A. Henry northeastern China. The Chapman–Richards function with three predictor...