Close-kin ownership, to own one’s kin, has been researched from the perspective of emancipatory strategies or economic exploitation, hereby overlooking complexity kinship bonds in slave societies. This paper addresses complexities slavery and analyses close-kin ownership kinship. In process manumission, relationships obligation were created that continued life after slavery. When former-owner e...

the word relation is a new concept that did not used in its today`s meaning one hundred and fifty years ago. in spite of this situation, its substitute concepts like friendliness is used in nahj ul-balāghah many times and each of them express varieties & places in general relation between human and god and other relations. on the whole, we face four relations: human relation with god, himself a...

It is remarkable that the founders of African nations lamented the destruction of African civilisations by slavery and colonisations and yearned for the rebirth of Africa. From the outset these African leaders though subscribing to foreign ideologies and religions recognised and acknowledged the distinctive features of the African personality and world-view and aspired to build a new Africa bas...

Abstract Modern slavery is considered a widely recognized issue within labour-intensive markets of the construction industry. The recent introduction Slavery Act 2018 (Cth) in Australia, has pragmatically pressured companies into publishing modern statements that explore methods how they have managed to tackle and address presence their business supply chains. This paper, as part an ongoing res...

The slave trades out of Africa represent one of the most significant forced migration experiences in history. In this paper I illustrate their long-term consequences. I first consider the influence of the slave trade on the “sending” countries in Africa, with attention to their economic, institutional, demographic, and social implications. Next I evaluate the consequences of the slave trade on ...

During the c igh tecn th Century the Cape was a malc-dominatcd society, at least in numcrica! terms. In 1749, for inslaucc, the i:iuif l ist s revcal that among thosc taxed \vcrc 4,871 a d u l t nialcs (made up of 1.243 hu r^hc r s , scvcnty-fivc frcc blacks, c i y h t y t h r e e kiicïhis. w h o wcrc soldier* and sailors relcascd hy the Dutch Hast Ind ia Company t o \u i rk for hurplicrs. ...