Background: The immunologic profile of chronic urticaria is not only important for diagnostic purposes, but also for therapeutic approaches. This study evaluated the serum levels of Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) and Interferon-ϒ (IFN-ϒ) in patients with chronic urticaria to find a biomarker.Materials and Methods: Forty-one patients with chronic urticaria referring to the...

background: leishmania is a significant health problem in many parts of the world. tumor necrosis factor (tnf) plays an essential role in leishmania major infections. objective: to study the pro-inflammatory cytokines and antioxidants in four groups of cutaneous leishmaniasis patients. methods: 39 patients were divided into four groups of: 1) active (acute phase of treatment); 2) non-healing (r...

Recent studies have established that sex hormones directly or indirectly affect T and B cells and macrophages by manipulating the production of cytokines. In this study the possibility of the effect of 5a-DHT on macrophage (MΦ) nitric oxide (NO) release via interleukin-l, 6 (lL-1β, IL-6) or tumor necrosis factor-a (TNFα) was investigated. The endogenous cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were ...

background: the expression of mouse tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf-α) in escherichia coli is a favorable way to get high yield of protein; however, the formation of cytoplasmic inclusion bodies, which is the consequence of insoluble accumulated proteins, is a major obstacle in this system. to overcome this obstacle, we used a pulsed dilution method to convert the product to its native conform...

introduction: immune system is involved in the etiology and pathophysiology of inflammation and vitamins are important sources of substances inducing nonspecific immunomodulatory effects. given the proinflammatory role of cytokines in the inflammation and pain induction, this study aimed to assess the effects of long-term administration of vitamin b1 on the proinflammatory cytokines, edema, and...