We aim to assess the effects of metformin treatment on metabolic and endocrine parameters and genes expression related to the insulin-responsive pathway in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). This study comprises twenty-eight obese mice divided into three metformin-treated groups for seven and twenty days and eight nonobese and nontreated ones. We found a significant decrease in glycemia after me...

The male three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) produces a glue protein named "spiggin" that is used as a cementing substance for building its nest. The synthesis of spiggin is under the control of androgenic stimulation. Therefore, spiggin is an effective biomarker of any androgenic activity displayed by environmental chemicals, similarly to the use of vitellogenin as an estrogenic ...

Androgenesis in vitro is a basic method of obtaining haploid plants and DH (doubled haploid) lines major crops such as potato, rapeseed, tomato, pepper, wheat, maize, barley, also many different minor species with lower agricultural impact. Diploid appearing among androgenic regenerants are the effect spontaneous doubling chromosome number cells during an embryo’s early developmental stages val...

Recently, the use of sport supplements has become so common among most athletes. These supplements may contain undeclared substances that are banned by such international authorities as WHO, IOC and WADA. The present study, thus, is aimed at examining the final sport supplement products in terms of banned substances and measuring the adulteration level in order to prove the safety of these prod...

The use of in vitro assays is important for the biodetection of endocrine active substances (EAS), reducing and replacing the in vivo studies required for regulatory assessment. However, this approach often fails to take into account the role of biotransformation on the activity of the test substances. A method incorporating an S9 metabolic system into the CALUX-reporter gene assays for estroge...

Phenotypic uniformity of carrot androgenic lines of R1 generations was assessed in respect to several morphological traits in vegetative and generative stages. Seeds of R1 populations were obtained by self pollination of R0 androgenic plants derived by the use of anther culture technique from three donor cultivars: ‘HCM’, ‘CxC9900 F1’ and ‘Narbonne F1’. R1 plants of donor cultivar ‘HCM’ were ob...

T HE EFFECT OF ANDROGENIC STEROIDS on hemoglobin levels has usually been ascribed to an indirect effect of these hormones, possibly secondary to an effect upon erythropoietin production or activation.1’2 Earlier studies of the in vitro effect of androgens on bone marrow cells provided conflicting evidence for a direct effect upon erythroid cell proliferation or hemoglobin synthesis. Reisner3 pr...

BACKGROUND Continuous use of anabolic androgenic steroid in high-doses is associated with substantial health risks, including hepatocellular adenoma. Malignant transformation from hepatocellular adenoma to hepatocellular carcinoma after anabolic androgenic steroid abuse has been rarely reported. The morphological distinction of adenoma from well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma is challe...

cryopreservation and sexing of embryos are integrated into commercial embryo transfer technologies. to improve the effectiveness of vitrification of in vitro produced buffalo embryos, two experiments were conducted. the first evaluated the effect of exposure time (2 and 3 min) and developmental stage (morula and blastocysts) on the viability and development of vitrified buffalo embryos. morphol...

To investigate the effect of endocrine disruption of 4-nitro-3-phenylphenol (PNMPP) on immature male Wistar-Imamichi rats, the rat pituitary was exposed to PNMPP (10(-5)-10(-9) M) for 24 h with or without gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in experiment I. In addition, the Leydig cells (10(-5)-10(-9) M) were exposed to PNMPP for 24 h with or without human chronic gonadotropin (hCG) in experi...