Not long ago it was proposed the (4+1)-dimensional brane-world cosmological scenarios where an extra dimension was assumed to be orthogonal to the Universe rather than compactified. However, all the proposed so far models in this theme are concerned with (D − 1)-dimensional embeddings into the D-dimensional spacetime, besides, it is supposed D = 5 as a rule. However, the regarding of the five-d...

The evolution of wide shear zones or shear bands was investigated experimentally and numerically for quasistatic dry granular flows in split bottom shear cells. We compare the behavior of materials consisting of beads, irregular grains, such as sand, and elongated particles. Shearing an initially random sample, the zone width was found to significantly decrease in the first stage of the process...

introduction: the use of low energy isotopes such as  103 pd in brachytherapy for the treatment of cancers  such as prostate, eye, head, neck, breast and cervix is increasing. in this regard, different models of pd- 103  seeds  have  been  designed  and  manufactured  at  the  agricultural,  medical  and  industrial  research  school (amirs) of atomic energy organization of iran. in this resear...

We report the results of quantitative phase-field simulations of the dendritic crystallization of a pure melt in two and three dimensions. These simulations exploit a recently developed thin-interface limit of the phase-field model @A. Karma and W.-J. Rappel, Phys. Rev. E 53, R3017 ~1996!#, which is given here a detailed exposition. This limit makes it possible to perform efficient computations...

With the recent measurements of temperature and polarization anisotropies in the microwave background by WMAP, we have entered a new era of precision cosmology, with the cosmological parameters of a Standard Cosmological Model determined to 1%. This Standard Model is based on the Big Bang theory and the inflationary paradigm, a period of exponential expansion in the early universe responsible f...

The role of petal spurs and specialized pollinator interactions has been studied since Darwin. Aquilegia petal spurs exhibit striking size and shape diversity, correlated with specialized pollinators ranging from bees to hawkmoths in a textbook example of adaptive radiation. Despite the evolutionary significance of spur length, remarkably little is known about Aquilegia spur morphogenesis and i...

Lateral ordering of heteroepitaxial islands can be conveniently achieved by suitable pit-patterning of the substrate prior to deposition. Controlling shape, orientation, and size of the pits is not trivial as, being metastable, they can significantly evolve during deposition/annealing. In this paper, we exploit a continuum model to explore the typical metastable pit morphologies that can be exp...

shape anisotropy: Electronic supplementary material Joshua R. Puzey, ∗ Sharon J. Gerbode, 3, ∗ Scott A. Hodges, Elena M. Kramer, † and L. Mahadevan 2 Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138 School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138 Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University...

Complex microstructure changes occur in nuclear fuel and structural materials due to the extreme environments of intense irradiation and high temperature. This paper evaluates the role of the phase field method in predicting the microstructure evolution of irradiated nuclear materials and the impact on their mechanical, thermal, and magnetic properties. The paper starts with an overview of the ...

Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) anisotropies have been recognized as one of the most important observational quantities to understand the early stage of our universe. In this paper, recent development of theoretical works on CMB anisotropies are summarized and it is shown that temperature uctuations of CMB contain rich information, i.e., cosmological parameters, geometry of the universe, init...