Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies can be classified as polymyositis, dermatomyositis, immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy, sporadic inclusion body myositis or non-specific myositis. Anti-Jo-1 antibody-positive patients are assigned to either polymyositis or dermatomyositis suggesting overlapping pathological features. We aimed to determine if anti-Jo-1 antibody-positive myopathy has a specifi...

Background and Objectives: Vaccination is the major strategy to protect nurses against infection with hepatitis B virus. However, some nurses do not produce sufficient amount of anti-HBsAg antibody required for immunity against infection. Chronic occupational stress has been proposed as a risk factor to humoral immunity. Given that nursing staff is exposed to occupational stress risk, this stud...

Anti-idiotypic antibodies have been used to mimic antigen in the mouse antiphosphorylcholine response in order to investigate the induction of precursors of antibody-forming cells. We have shown that interaction of anti-idiotype antibody with receptor antibody molecules induces the formation of antibodies that are specific for phosphorylcholine and carry the idiotypic determinants. This inducti...

Background and aim: An epidemiological association of lichen planus (LP) with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has been found only in certain parts of the world and in some countries no association has been noted. The present study was done to evaluate the association of LP with HCV in patients admitted to Sina hospital, Hamedan, Iran from 2002 to 2004.Materials and Methods: The presence of an...

Conceptually, one antibody could be directed against a combining site structure of another antibody; thus, the two antibodies would combine with each other and might be considered at least partially complementary. Since the combining regions of antigen receptors on B lymphocytes are apparently identical with the combining regions of the antibodies that the cells produce (1-8), then complementar...

OBJECTIVES To investigate whether certain DR alleles might also contribute to the genetic susceptibility among Coeliac disease patients in Pakistan. METHODS The case-control study was conducted at the Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, from October 2011 to January 2012, and analysed 25 children diagnosed to have coeliac disease as per the criteria set by the European Society of Paediatric Gastroe...

background: enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) strains are the major causes of diarrheal disease in humans and animals. colonization factors and enterotoxins are the major virulence factors in etec pathogenesis. for the broad-spectrum protection against etec, one could focus on colonization factors and non-toxic heat labile as a vaccine candidate. methods: a fusion protein is composed of a...

Background The specific pathological findings in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) brain are senile plaques composed of amyloid-β protein (Aβ) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) highly phosphorylated tau protein. It has been suggested that autophagy may play an important role the degradation proteins. In this study, we investigated whether is involved oligomeric by immunohistochemistry using autopsied A...