The brain "reward" system, centered on the limbic ventral striatum, plays a critical role in the response to pleasure and pain. The ventral striatum is activated in animal and human studies during anticipation of appetitive/pleasurable events, but its role in aversive/painful events is less clear. Here we present data from three human fMRI studies based on aversive conditioning using unpleasant...

Neuroimaging studies have found moderating effects of dopamine genes during both the anticipation and delivery of rewards, particularly the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) genotype. Event-related potential studies, meanwhile, have focused on the stimulus-preceding negativity (SPN) and the feedback negativity (FN) during reward anticipation and delivery, respectively. In anticipation of unce...

This paper presents our approach in design, simulation and visualization in the field of anticipation and ALife agents. Anticipation occurs in all spheres of life. Nature evolves in a continuous anticipatory fashion targeted at survival. A conscious reaction takes too long to process. Motivation mechanisms in learning, the arts, and all types of research are dominated by the principle that an e...

Quantum anticipation explorer is a computer program allowing the numerical exploration of quantum anticipation which has been analyzed in arXiv:0810.183v1 and arXiv:1003.1090v1 for H-Atom, equidistant, random and custom spectra. This tool determines the anticipation strength at those times orthogonal evolution is possible. This paper is the user's guide explaining its capabilities, installation...

What is the relation between anticipations and representation? Anticipations of an external system, or of the system environment, might be generated from a model, a representation, of that system or that environment. In contrast, I will argue that there is a different sense of anticipation — internal anticipation of the flow of interaction between a system and its environment — that constitutes...

BACKGROUND Pathological gambling (PG) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are conceptualized as a behavioral addiction, with a dependency on repetitive gambling behavior and rewarding effects following compulsive behavior, respectively. However, no neuroimaging studies to date have examined reward circuitry during the anticipation phase of reward in PG compared with in OCD while considering...

Anticipation of a daily meal in rats has been conceptualized as a rest-activity rhythm driven by a food-entrained circadian oscillator separate from the pacemaker generating light-dark (LD) entrained rhythms. Rats can also anticipate two daily mealtimes, but whether this involves independently entrained oscillators, one 'continuously consulted' clock, cue-dependent non-circadian interval timing...

The current study investigated the human ability to synchronize movements with event sequences containing continuous tempo changes. This capacity is evident, for example, in ensemble musicians who maintain precise interpersonal coordination while modulating the performance tempo for expressive purposes. Here we tested an ADaptation and Anticipation Model (ADAM) that was developed to account for...