1. Collodion particles adsorb diphtheria or tetanus or botulinus toxins. These toxins are retained on the particles when washed but are at least in part released in the animal. 2. The adsorbed toxins are neutralized by adsorption of the corresponding antitoxins but are unaffected by other serums. 3. When collodion particles are treated first with tetanus antitoxin, then with diphtheria toxin, t...

tetanus can be only prevented by vaccination because immunity against this disease is rarely acquired, even by natural infections. to maintain long-term protective immunity against tetanus, booster immunization is essential for adolescents and adults. most hospitalized cases and virtually all deaths occur in people over 60 years of age. the purpose of this study was to investigate the degree of...

While there is no doubt that active immunization is the ideal method of preventing tetanus, consideration must be given to other methods for use at the time of wounding in patients who have not been immunized. The procedure widely used at the present time involves a combination of surgical cleansing of the wound, together with an injection of tetanus antitoxin prepared from horse serum. The imp...

OBJECTIVE To determine the diphtheria and tetanus antitoxin levels among blood donors in Toronto. DESIGN Cross-sectional seroprevalence study. SETTING Two fixed-site blood-donation clinics in Toronto from September to November 1994. PARTICIPANTS Blood donors 20 years of age or older were eligible to participate; of the 781 eligible donors, 710 (90.9%) participated in the study. MAIN OUT...

1. Highly purified scarlet fever toxin has been prepared from culture filtrates of two scarlatinal strains (NY5 and 594B) of hemolytic streptococcus grown on a medium of defined composition. 2. The flocculation reaction of Rane and Wyman has been studied quantitatively and has been shown specific for scarlet fever toxin and antitoxin. 3. Scarlet fever toxin from strains NY5 and 594B are quantit...