Aquatic animals, which are ecologically important consumers in aquatic ecosystems and widely distributed rivers, lakes, seas, occupy 70% of the earth’s surface, respond unique ways to environmental changes at various temporal spatial scales, have optimized strategies for survival [...]

A large variety of aquatic animals was found to emit the potent greenhouse gas nitrous oxide when nitrate was present in the environment. The emission was ascribed to denitrification by ingested bacteria in the anoxic animal gut, and the exceptionally high N(2)O-to-N(2) production ratio suggested delayed induction of the last step of denitrification. Filter- and deposit-feeding animal species s...

The aquaculture industry has grown dramatically, and plays an important role in the world's food supply chain. Antimicrobial resistance in bacteria associated with food animals receives much attention, and drug use in aquaculture is also an important issue. There are many differences between aquatic and terrestrial management systems, such as the methods used for administration of drugs. Unique...

Today robotic creatures’ development has been utilized for several purposes. There have been inventions about animalliked aquatic robots, however few works were found relating to the study of full behavioral movement of aquatic animals; anguilliform, carangiform, subcarangiform and thunniform. This paper presents a study and design of a robotic fish that simulate locomotion pattern of aquatic a...

Aquatic insects contribute significantly to freshwater ecosystems, forming food for many organisms, particularly in the food webs associated with wetland environments. Many fishes, amphibians, shorebirds, waterfowl, and other animals forage heavily on both the aquatic and terrestrial stages of aquatic insects, which are essential to their survival. It is estimated that about 3 % of the total in...

Improvement of the methods included in the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) Manual of Diagnostic Tests for Aquatic Animals and addition of novel techniques are dependent on the continual development and evaluation of both new and existing methods. Although conventional isolation and characterisation techniques for the diagnosis of many diseases still remain the methods of choice there...

Multiple sclerosis is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system associated with varied levels of disability. The impact of early physiotherapeutic interventions in the disease progression is unknown. We used an experimental model of demyelination with the gliotoxic agent ethidium bromide and early aquatic exercises to evaluate the motor performance of the animals. We quantified the ...

The World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) develops normative documents relating to rules that Member Countries and Territories can use to protect themselves from diseases without setting up unjustified sanitary barriers. For aquatic animal disease, the Aquatic Animal Health Code and the Manual of Diagnostic Tests for Aquatic Animals are prepared by the Aquatic Animal Health Standards Commi...