Oxidative coupling reaction of phenol mediated by birnessite was studied in aqueous phase and soil. Phenol was readily transformed by birnessite and almost all phenol disappeared in both samples after 24 hours of reaction. Phenol transformation kinetics was investigated by plotting reaction time against logarithm concentrations of residual phenol, revealing that exponential decrease of phenol w...

We describe several transinterface electron-transfer processes occurring at the benzonitrile (PhCN)/water interface that produce excited states. When an electrode was moved very close to the interface or even through the interface to produce an electrode/thin layer organic phase/aqueous solution configuration, the electrogenerated radical species formed in the PhCN phase (C12-Ru(bpy)3, DPA+, or...

Thermochemical cycles that involve pKa, gas-phase acidities, aqueous solvation free energies of neutral species, and gas-phase clustering free energies have been used with the cluster pair approximation to determine the absolute aqueous solvation free energy of the proton. The best value obtained in this work is in good agreement with the value reported by Tissandier et al. (Tissandier, M. D.; ...

All-aqueous emulsions exploit spontaneous liquid-liquid separation and due to their water-based nature are particular advantageous for the biocompatible storage and processing of biomacromolecules. However, the ultralow interfacial tensions characteristic of all-aqueous interfaces represent an inherent limitation to the use of thermally adsorbed particles to achieve emulsion stability. Here, we...

We recently reported a nonenzymatic biomass deconstruction process for producing carbohydrates using homogeneous mixtures of γ-valerolactone (GVL) and water as a solvent. A key step in this process is the separation of the GVL from the aqueous phase, enabling GVL recycling and the production of a concentrated aqueous carbohydrate solution. In this study, we demonstrate that phenolic solvents-se...

Jejunal aqueous solubilisation of vitamin D3 was assessed in eight normal subjects, after ingestion of a standard liquid test meal. Percentages and total concentrations of vitamin D3 in the aqueous phase were significantly higher in the first post-prandial 30 minutes than during the following two hours, as were bile salts, total lipids, and free fatty acids. As shown by partial correlation anal...

A highly efficient three-phase single drop microextraction (SDME) method is presented by using an organic-aqueous compound droplet. A coupling microdevice is designed to produce compound droplets in different sizes conveniently. In this way, the volume ratio of organic phase to aqueous phase in a compound droplet can be significantly reduced. Good operability and droplet stability were observed...

We report in-situ spectroscopic measurements of the structure and orientation of molecules in the interfacial region between the semi-soluble ionic solid CaF2 (fluorite) and an aqueous phase. This paper integrates a series of new experiments with earlier results to give a comprehensive understanding of this very dynamic interface. We employ the surface specific technique, vibrational sum-freque...

Hydrophobic poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) colloidal particles, when dispersed in oil with a relatively high dielectric constant, can become highly charged. In the presence of an interface with a conducting aqueous phase, image-charge effects lead to strong binding of colloidal particles to the interface, even though the particles are wetted very little by the aqueous phase. We study both the...

After complete solubilization by the direct method, porcine pepsin was not released from AOT in isooctane reverse micelles even under aqueous-phase conditions which would not ordinarily allow uptake. Similarly, bovine chymosin, once forward-transferred at a pH below its isoelectric point, was not back-transferred into an aqueous contact phase buffered at a pH value above its isoelectric point. ...