The mechanisms and characteristics of hot carrier stress-induced drain leakage current degradation in thinoxide n-MOSFET’s are investigated. Both interface trap and oxide charge effects are analyzed. Various drain leakage current components at zero V gs such as drain-to-source subthreshold leakage, band-to-band tunneling current, and interface trapinduced leakage are taken into account. The tra...

DESCRIPTION A 63-year-old white man presented with a raised, erythematous tumor on the left side of his nose. The lesion had been present for 3 years, and during the 6 to 8 weeks prior to his presentation, it had become painful. In addition, the cyst had started to drain purulent material when pressure was applied. On physical examination, the tumor was 20 mm in diameter and elevated 5 mm. Ther...

In this essay, we focus on the moral justification of a highly controversial measure to redress medical brain drain: the duty to stay. We argue that the moral justification for this duty lies primarily in the fact that medical students impose high risks on their fellow citizens while receiving their medical training, which in turn gives them a reciprocity-based reason to temporarily prioritize ...

Hornwort (Ceratophyllum demersum L.) and other aquatic macrophytes have historically been mechanically removed from the Rangiriri drain and Churchill East drain to maintain drain efficiency. As an alternative control method for the high plant biomass that accumulates at the end of summer, the effect of stocking diploid grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella L.) on the aquatic vegetation was evalua...

SUMMARY An intranuclear canalicular system connecting the nuclear envelope to the nucleolus has been found in interphase cells of the Novikoff hepatoma in both the ascitic and the solid forms. Throughout the nucleoplasm, flattened canaliculi are seen in sections as parallel membranes covered by thin layers of chromatin material. Membrane-bounded tubules exist in direct contact with the nucleolu...

We present a Monte-Carlo ion implantation simulation method that allows a very accurate prediction of implantation induced point defects, generation of amorphous areas, and impurity distributions. The implanted impurity pro les can be calculated as well as the distributions of impurities that are moved from one material to another during the implantation process. The simulation method can be ap...

 The main goal of this study was to examine the use of cyanobacteria for evaluating the quality of running water. Accordingly epilithic cyanobacterial communities were collected in Dez River and Ojeyreb drain in south of Iran. Samples were collected in two seasons: autumn and spring. Effective physical and chemical factors on the structure of cyanobacterial communities and the dispersion of the...

Carrier scatterings in the inversion channel of MOSFET dominates the carrier mobility and hence drain current. This paper presents an analytical model of the subthreshold drain current incorporating the effective electron mobility model of the pocket implanted nano scale n-MOSFET. The model is developed by assuming two linear pocket profiles at the source and drain edges at the surface and by u...

Capsid, envelope, and nonvirion-associated soluble components of type 1 and type 2 herpes simplex virus (HSV) were obtained from infected monolayer cell cultures and used as complement fixation (CF) antigens. Capsids were prepared by treatment of cells with the nonionic detergent Nonidet-P40, envelope material by treatment of virions with ether and high pH, and soluble components were obtained ...