BACKGROUND Recent studies have demonstrated that microalga has been widely regarded as one of the most promising raw materials of biofuels. However, lack of an economical, efficient and convenient method to harvest microalgae is a bottleneck to boost their full-scale application. Many methods of harvesting microalgae, including mechanical, electrical, biological and chemical based, have been st...

Certain surface active substances produce a non-syphilitic flocculation reaction if cardiolipin is replaced by them in the VDRL test system (Tuomioja 2nd Kajanne, 1956). The test was called the APC test because these surface active substances were products of the Atlas Powder Company (Wilmington, Delaware). The most active was Span 60, stated by the manufacturer to be mainly sorbitan monosteara...

In this study, a novel flocculant was prepared by an inorganic polymetric flocculant (IPF) polysilicate ferroaluminum sulfate (PSFA) and rectorite (REC). The structure of the PSFA-REC composite was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD), in order to determine the optimal temperature. The flocculation test was made at 25 , 45 and 65 , the res...

Novel flocculants have been synthesized on the basis of glycogen. The efficiency of cationic glycogen can be explained in terms of Singh’s qualitative easy approachability model (EAM). The jar test was used previously to evaluate flocculation efficacy, but we have recently shown that a plot of interface height vs. settling times provides a better measure. In accord with the EAM, a one-to-one co...

Most analyses of Brownian flocculation apply to conditions where London-van der Waals attractive forces cause particles to be strongly bound in a deep interparticle potential well. In this paper, results are reported that show the interaction between primary- and secondary-minimum flocculation when the interparticle potential curve reflects both attractive and electrostatic repulsive forces. Th...

Flocculation studies between dual polymers on pulp and paper mill wastewater are reported in this paper. The effects of different molecular weights of polyDADMAC and different dosages of Polyacrylamide (PAM) were studied. The molecular weights of polyDADMAC used were 8.8 × 10, 10.5 × 10 and 15.7 × 10 g/mol. The flocculation performance was analyzed in jar tests with PolyDADMAC and Polyacrylamid...