1.1 Statement of the Problem Endo-neuro-sonography (ENS) has gained special attention in recent years. Its major advantages over traditional brain surgery are that it is a minimally invasive surgical technique and the endoscopic camera and ultrasound images provide useful information. Ultrasound images are inexpensive compared to tomographic and resonance magnetic images (which are very hard to...

Radio occultation measurements using the Global Positioning System (GPS) and a receiver in low-Earth orbit (LEO) have recently been shown to provide accurate profiles of atmospheric refractivity, pressure, water vapor and temperature with high vertical resolution [e.g. Kursinski et al., 1996]. When a GPS transmitter and receiver pair are on opposite sides of the atmosphere, the radio signal pro...

n-propylsalicylidene based on silica as ion exchanger (ie) was used for the separation by complexation of mn2+, co2+, ni2+, cu2+, hg2+, cr3+, fe3+, and uo22+ from their parent solutions. ie and its metal complexes are characterized by elemental analysis, electronic and infrared spectra, in addition to thermal analysis in atmospheric pressure. the mode of chelation and the proposed geometric str...

It is well known that clutter (spectral interference) from atmospheric constituents can be a severe limit for spectroscopic point sensors, especially where high sensitivity and specificity are required. In this paper, we will show for submillimeter/terahertz (SMM/THz) sensors that use cw electronic techniques the clutter limit for the detection of common target gases with absolute specificity (...

In this paper, we present a novel method to analyze the effects of atmospheric turbulence and misalignment fading (or pointing error) on performance of serial relaying M -ary pulse-position modulation (PPM) free-space optical (FSO) systems. Our study is more comprehensive than previous ones since we take into account the effect of beam size variation due to turbulence by using the partially coh...

abstract background: transcranial doppler ultrasonography results have not been previously studied in among iranian sickle cell anemia patients. the present study was performed to evaluate the pattern of intracranial flow velocities among iranian children with sickle cell anemia and the hematological parameters that can affect the time-averaged mean of maximum velocity in major intracranial art...

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of intramuscular injection of medetomidine on intra-renal arteriesresistive and pulsatility indices by duplex Doppler ultrasonographyin clinically normal adult domestic shorthair cats. For this purpose, twenty-six neutered adult healthy domestic shorthair cats (13 females and 13 males) were evaluated. B-mode, color Doppler and pulsed wave Doppl...

Observation in absolute darkness and daytime under every atmospheric situation is one of the advantages of thermal imaging systems. In spite of increasing trend of using these systems, there are still lots of difficulties in analysing thermal images due to the variable features of pedestrians and atmospheric situations. In this paper an efficient method is proposed for detecting pedestrians in ...