We report the structural and tribological characterization of nanostructured CNx thin films produced by the deposition of a supersonic carbon cluster beam assisted by nitrogen ion bombardment. The influence of the deposition parameters on the chemical composition and structure of the films has been systematically studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, elastic recoil detection analysis, tr...

The availability of reliable characterisation tools for carbon films down to a few atomic layers’ thickness is one of the most decisive factors for technology development and production. In particular, non-destructive techniques are preferred. This chapter reviews the use of x-ray reflectivity, surface acoustic waves, and Raman spectroscopy to characterise carbon films in terms of density, thic...

We use a layer-by layer electrostatic self-assembly technique to obtain in-plane oriented aggregates of mesogenic dye molecules cast from lyotropic chromonic liquid crystals (LCLCs) on mica substrates. The aqueous solutions of dye used for deposition are in the nematic phase. Atomic force microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of the dried film reveal that the LCLC molecules adsorb at ...

in this study, hydroxyapatite (ha) nanocrystals have been synthesized via chemical precipitation technique. diammonium hydrogen phosphate and calcium nitrate 4-hydrate were used as starting materials and sodium hydroxide solution was used as the agent for ph adjustment. the powder sample was evaluated by techniques such as scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, fourier ...

Low-index surfaces of copper single crystals were studied by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and spectroscopy (STS). The experiments were performed under ultra-high vacuum conditions at roomand close to liquid heliumtemperatures. At lower temperatures thermal drifts are largely reduced, a better STM mechanical stability is achieved and improved spectroscopy measurements, with the energy res...

Confocal fluorescence microscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM) are two established techniques that can be used to study single molecules. Both techniques have their individual capabilities that permit to study different aspects such as topography using AFMs, or dynamics using fluorescence spectroscopy. Thus, a combination of both techniques into a single instrument enhances the methodology ...

Type 1 pili are filamentous protein assemblies on the surface of Gram-negative bacteria that mediate adhesion to host cells during the infection process. The molecular structure of type 1 pili remains elusive on the atomic scale owing to their insolubility and noncrystallinity. Herein we describe an approach for hybrid-structure determination that is based on data from solution-state NMR spectr...

The aim of the work was the assessment of capability for the change control in the structure of a compact material of pelletized heatproof nickel alloy grade EP741NP using the atomic emission method. The proposed method of evaluation is based on the statistical significance of the analytical response differences during atomic emission spectroscopy of solid specimens taken from one sample before...

Seven majorly consumed brands of several teas (A1, A2, M1, M2, S, D, and C teas) were selected for the present study. In this study, the heavy metal contents including copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), and lead (Pb) were assessed in the black tea samples consumed in Iran. The content of the heavy metals in the samples was analyzed using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). Notably, the ...