background :older adults with cerebrovascular accident (cva) show evidence of auditory and speech perception problems. in present study, it was examined whether these problems are due to impairments of concurrent auditory segregation procedure which is the basic level of auditory scene analysis and auditory organization in auditory scenes with competing sounds. methods : concurrent auditory seg...

Stapes fractures without other ossicle problems are rare and ossicle problems due to explosion pressure are also rare. We describe a very rare case of stapes anterior crural fracture resulting from a land mine explosion. As this case suggests, a close examination of the ossicles is necessary during an exploration tympanotomy.

Traumatic fracture of the malleus handle without tympanic membrane perforation is a rare incidence. Diagnosis of conductive hearing loss can only be confirmed with manipulation of the ossicles under sedation as computerized tomography is not informative. We present a 39-year-old lady with Q-tip injury when she get sudden phone call.

background and aim: today, bilingualism is a developing phenomenon which half of the world population is bilingual. auditory system is the main route to language learning, so it is expected that bilingualism has an effect on functions of the auditory system. auditory memory is one of the auditory processes which is a cornerstone of linguistic skills and learning process growth, so that, it has ...

Small shelly fossils (SSFs) are minute moulded or replaced by apatite, and less commonly, other minerals like glauconite iron oxides. This taphonomic mode is best known from Cambrian deposits, though some occurrences occur across geological time. Instances of small shelly-style preservation were found in insoluble residues the Lower Triassic Virgin Limestone Member exposed southern Nevada, west...

The middle ear bones (‘ossicles’) may become severely damaged due to accidents or diseases. In these situations, the most common current treatments include replacing them with cadaver-derived ossicles, using a metal (usually titanium) prosthesis, introducing bridges made of biocompatible ceramics. Neither solutions is ideal, difficulty in finding producing shape-matching replacements. However, ...

This study tests the hypotheses that the birefringent calcite and stereom structure of the brittlestar (Ophiuroidea, Echinodermata) endoskeleton polarizes light and that certain brittlestars respond to polarized light. The first hypothesis was tested in Ophioderma brevispinum by examining ossicles from freshly killed specimens under polarized light. This analysis revealed that the lateral arm s...

The middle ear consists of a tympanic membrane, ligaments, tendons, and three ossicles. An important function of the tympanic membrane is to deliver exterior sound stimulus to the ossicles and inner ear. In this study, the responses of the tympanic membrane in a human ear were measured and compared with those of a finite element model of the middle ear. A laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV) was used...