CONTEXT Current remission maintenance therapies for antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) are limited by partial efficacy and toxicity. OBJECTIVE To compare the effects of mycophenolate mofetil with azathioprine on the prevention of relapses in patients with AAV. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Open-label randomized controlled trial, International Mycophen...

T he effect of immunosuppression with corticosteroids, azathioprine, mycophenolate, or rituximab for preventing relapses in patients with neuromyelitis optica (NMO) has been demonstrated in case series and retrospective studies. These drugs are currently considered the mainstay treatment for preventing neurologic worsening in NMO. Herein, we describe our experience with pulse cyclophosphamide f...

After incubation with thymosin, a thymic hormone, normal bone marrow rosette-forming cells acquire T-cell characteristics, including increased sensitivity to azathioprine, anti-lymphocyte serum, and anti-theta serum. This activity of thymosin provides a new sensitive and reproducible bioassay for thymosin, and is well correlated with an in vivo graft-versus-host assay. In addition, incubation o...