Carbonic anhydrase (CA, carbonate dehydratase, carbonate hydrolyase; EC 4.2.1.1) is a zinccontaining enzyme that catalyzes the reversible hydration of CO2 (CO2 + H2O HCO3 – + H) (Khalifah, 1971). CA is one of the enzymes whose catalytic velocities are confi rmed to be the fastest. It is widely distributed in animals, plants, archaebacteria and eubacteria (Hewett-Emmett and Tashian, 1996). The k...

Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) infects many plant species, being the only potyvirus able to infect brassicas. TuMV isolates have been classified into 12 pathotypes according symptoms induced in lines of Brassica napus, and molecularly clustered six lineages (basal-B, basal-BR, Asian-BR, world-B, Iranian OMs). Despite considered one most important viruses infecting brassicas worldwide, there is litt...

Brassica carinata (carinata) has emerged as a potential biofuel source due to its high erucic acid content, making it desirable for various industrial applications. Nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) are required primary sources of nutrition growth development in different oilseed crops their utilization is interdependent. The purpose the study was analyze interactive effect N S on other physiological...

Fatty acids and their composition in seeds determine oil value for nutritional or industrial purposes and also affect seed germination as well as seedling establishment. To better understand the genetic basis of seed fatty acid biosynthesis in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) we applied a genome-wide association study, using 91,205 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) characterized across a m...

to estimate plant resistance to cadmium chloride (cdcl2) stress for phytoremediation purposes, the effect of cadmium (cd) phytotoxicity was assessed on total soluble protein, chlorophyll (chl) content and antioxidant enzymes in the leaves of three different brassica napus (b. napus) cultivars; mohican, reg.cob and okapi. plants were exposed to three levels of cdcl2 (0.75, 1.5 and 2.25 mm) in ir...

DNA methylation is responsive to various biotic and abiotic stresses. Heat stress is a serious threat to crop growth and development worldwide. Heat stress results in an array of morphological, physiological and biochemical changes in plants. The relationship between DNA methylation and heat stress in crops is relatively unknown. We investigated the differences in methylation levels and changes...

An Illumina Infinium array comprising 5306 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers was used to genotype 175 individuals of a doubled haploid population derived from a cross between Skipton and Ag-Spectrum, two Australian cultivars of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). A genetic linkage map based on 613 SNP and 228 non-SNP (DArT, SSR, SRAP and candidate gene markers) covering 2514.8 cM was const...

Genetic improvement of the plant cell wall has enormous potential to increase the quality of food, fibers, and fuels. However, the identification and characterization of genes involved in plant cell wall synthesis is far from complete. Association mapping is one of the few techniques that can help identify candidate genes without relying on our currently incomplete knowledge of cell wall synthe...

Most agronomical traits exhibit quantitative variation, which is controlled by multiple genes and are environmentally dependent. To study the genetic variation of flowering time in Brassica napus, a DH population and its derived reconstructed F(2) population were planted in 11 field environments. The flowering time varied greatly with environments; 60% of the phenotypic variation was attributed...