Ambient measurements suggest that source inventories of PM10 from geologic sources are overestimated by 50 percent or more. This discrepancy may be due to inaccurate emission calculations and/or due to the rapid deposition of PM10 after entrainment into the atmosphere. A two-wavelength scanning backscatter lidar was used to investigate PM10 deposition rates from artificially generated fugitive ...

JERS-1 L-band SAR backscatter from test sites in Sweden, Finland and Siberia has been investigated to determine the accuracy level achievable in the boreal zone for stand-wise forest stem volume retrieval using a model-based approach. The extensive ground-data and SAR imagery datasets available allowed analysis of the backscatter temporal dynamics. In dense forests the backscatter primarily dep...

An understanding of the distribution and extent of marine habitats is essential for the implementation of ecosystem-based management strategies. Historically this had been difficult in marine environments until the advancement of acoustic sensors. This study demonstrates the applicability of supervised learning techniques for benthic habitat characterization using angular backscatter response d...

Because of the emerging field of Internet of Things (IoT), future backscatter RFID is required to be more reliable and data intensive. Motivated by this, orthogonal space-time block code (OSTBC), which is very successful in mobile communications for its low complexity and high performance, has already been investigated for backscatter RFID. On the other hand, a recently proposed scheme called u...

Ultrasound attenuation and backscatter changes resulting from glucocorticoid administration were investigated in a dog model. Ten beagle dogs were randomized into two groups: five were given 2 mg/kg/day IM injections of prednisone to induce steroid hepatopathy and five served as controls. Histology showed vacuolization in most hepatocytes of treated animals on the third day of treatment, and la...

PURPOSE To report intra- and interinstrument calibration methods for corneal backscatter analysis by in vivo confocal microscopy. METHODS Applicability of two reference standards was evaluated for corneal backscatter calibration. Repeated measurements of four concentrations of AMCO Clear (GFS Chemicals, Inc., Powell, OH) suspension and three transparencies (26%, 49%, and 65%) of polymethylmet...

Variations and fluctuations of forest floor scattering was soil rms height, whereas, at C-band, all parameters were about equal in influence. The modeled sensitivities properties can lead to variability in radar backscatter from forest, thereby interfering with SAR backscattersuggested that the surface-related uncertainty in forest backscatter at L-HH and L-VV, and at C-HH and C-VV based estima...

We have shown previously that the physical properties of myocardium in dogs can be characterized with quantitative ultrasonic integrated backscatter and that interrogation of the tissue with ultrasound can delineate cardiac cycle-dependent changes in ultrasonic backscatter in normal tissue that disappear with ischemia and reappear with reperfusion if functional integrity is restorable. To deter...

This study describes the novel use of a macroecological plant and forest structure model in conjunction with a Radiative Transfer (RT) model to better understand interactions between microwaves and forest canopies. Trends predicted by the RT model, resulting from interactions with mixed age, mono and multi species forests, are analysed in comparison to those predicted using a simplistic structu...

We derive localization theory for elastic waves in plane-strati ed media, a multimode problem complicated by the interconversion of shear and compressional waves, both in propagation and in backscatter. In the low frequency limit, i.e. when the randomness constitutes a microstructure, we give analytical expressions for the following quantities: the localization length, and another deterministic...