The amino-acid sequence of the hemebinding region of bakers' yeast cytochrome b(2) [L-(+)-lactate dehydrogenase, EC 1.1.2.3] has been determined. It shows a strong similarity with the sequence of microsomal cytochrome b(5), and appears to be compatible with the same kind of peptide-chain folding, in agreement with data obtained previously by various physiochemical methods. The comparison shows ...

We believe that the state of the art in Computing Science for specifying, modelling and realising complex systems has advanced sufficiently to realise fully detailed, accurate and predictive models of some of the most studied life forms used as models in biology, such as Aribidopsis, bakers yeast (S. Cerivisiae) or the Nematode worm (C. elegans). This would build on partial computer models that...

We explore how whole-genome duplications (WGDs) may have given rise to complex innovations in cellular networks, innovations that could not have evolved through sequential single-gene duplications. We focus on two classical WGD events, one in bakers' yeast and the other at the base of vertebrates (i.e., two rounds of whole-genome duplication: 2R-WGD). Two complex adaptations are discussed in de...

The reductive activation of a valyl-tRNA synthetase from yeast is strongly inhibited by 1-30 microM unsaturated fatty acids, and the inhibition is antagonized by 10-100 microM saturated fatty acids. Diethylstilbestrol also inhibits the activation. The possibility that unesterified palmitoleic and oleic acids are bona fide regulatory effectors is supported by a dramatic inverse relation between ...

Crosses were made between haploid wild-type and suppressive petite strains of bakers' yeast to obtain zygotes for analysis of mitochondrial heterogeneity. Wild-type x petite zygotes contained about 40% noncristate mitochondria when immediate mating mixtures were examined. The frequency of defective mitochondria had decreased to an average of 9.2% in 1-week-old zygote isolate cultures, and to 4....

The complete amino acid sequence of the cytochrome c from the flight muscles of a saturnid moth, Samia Cynthia, has been established. This protein is functionally and structurally homologous to other mammalian-type cytochromes c. However, it differs from cytochromes c of vertebrate origin by having a nonacetylated NHz-terminal residue, being 107 rather than 104 residues long and carrying an arg...

The cyanide-insensitive superoxide dismutase of yeast has been shown to be localized in the mitochondrial matrix. This enzyme has been isolated in good yield from bakers' yeast. Its molecular weight is 96,000. It is a tetramer, being composed of four subunits of equal size. Exposure to sodium dodecyl sulfate at 100 degrees caused dissociation into dimers, while similar treatment but in the pres...

We have found far more auxin in the culture media of bakers' yeast than was obtained by Kögl and Kostermans from the cells themselves. The production of auxin by yeast cells resembles the formation observed in other organisms such as Rhizopus and Rhizobium which also form auxins in their culture media. The auxin yield was found to increase with the concentration of sucrose and to decrease with ...

Background: Hypoxemia is a frequent complication after general anesthesia. It usually takes longer to recover in individuals with respiratory problems. Bakers may suffer from respiratory problems such as asthma. The objective of this study was to compare the occurrence of hypoxemia and duration of supplemental oxygen administration during recovery from general anesthesia in bakers and smokers. ...

The aims of this study were to estimate the risk to bakers of developing hay fever and rhinitis, to assess the modifying effect of atopy and to estimate the occurrence of job change due to nasal symptoms. A retrospective cohort study was performed among bakers trained in Swedish trade schools from 1961 to 1989 (n=2,923). School control subjects (n=1,258) comprised students in other programmes i...