protective action of ficus carica leaf ethanolic extract (obtained by maceration) was evaluated in an animal model of hepatotoxicity induced by carbon tetrachloride (ccl4). male albino mice were divided into six groups. group i was normal control group; group ii received olive oil (ccl4 solvent), groups iii-vi received ccl4. after inducing hepatic damage, group iii served as control for ccl4; a...

background: in some disorders such as diabetes mellitus patients can display depressive symptoms. metformin is among the first-line treatments for management of the type 2 diabetes mellitus which may have some anti-depressant effect. objective: current investigation was performed to examine the anti-depressant effects of metformin and the involvement of nitric oxide (no) in this way, in an expe...

vitex agnus castus (chasteberry) is a popular treatment for the management of female reproductive disorders including corpus luteum insufficiency, premenstrual syndrome (pms), menopausal symptoms, and insufficient milk production. according to developing situation of complementary medicine, and frequent use of this herb, it is important to examine its effects during pregnancy. in this research ...

objective(s): pioglitazone (actos) is one of the most controversial recent oral antidiabetic drugs. it was originally authorized in the european :union: in 2000, and approved as an oral monotherapy for overweight second type of diabetic patients in 2002. it belongs to the thiazolidinedione group which some of its members have been withdrawn from the market due to the hepatotoxicity or cardiotox...

recent studies have shown that glucocorticoids may have modulatory effect on anxiety reactions. this effect may occur with opioid system interference. according to that, the purpose of this research is to assess the effect of dexamethasone as glucocorticoid agonist and its interaction with opioidergic system on the anxiety modulatory effect in plus maze model in mice. male white mice with mediu...

background: this study has been undertaken to find out the possible radioprotective potential of the alstonia scholaris extract (ase). materials and methods: for experimental study, healthy swiss albino male mice were selected from an inbred colony and divided in four groups. group i (normal) did not receive any treatment. group ii was orally supplemented ase once daily at the dose of 100 mg/ k...

Multiple imputation by chained equations (MICE) is the most common method for imputing missing data. In MICE algorithm, can be performed using a variety of parametric and nonparametric methods. The default setting in implementation models to include variables as linear terms only with no interactions, but omission interaction may lead biased results. It investigated, simulated real datasets, wh...

We reported previously that the EBV BARF1 open reading frame encodes a Mr 31,000-33,000 protein (p31) with potential transforming and oncogenic properties. This gene was found capable of transforming both: (a) the rodent fibroblast lines Balbc/3T3 and NIH3T3 into cells producing aggressive tumors in newborn rats; and (b) the human EBV-negative B-cell line Louckes into cells leading to small tum...

objective: results obtained from literature reviews and human studies have shown the analgesic effects of clove plant in toothache. the present work was undertaken in order to investigate the possible analgesic effect of clove oil in mice. materials and methods: fifty mice were divided into 5 groups: 1) saline; 2) essential oil (ess) 2%, 3) ess 5%, 4) ess10% and 5) ess 20%. the hot plate test (...

conclusions acute administration of u. dioica impairs the object-recognition task if it is used only before the training session. this may be due to its modulation on the acquisition processing of object-recognition. u. dioica has no significant effects on the consolidation or retrieval processing stages of the nor task. these results emphasize the unfavorable effect on cognitive function of pr...