We describe broad new classes of three-dimensional (3D) structures which, when made of silicon, exhibit robust 3D photonic band gaps of up to 25% of the gap center frequency. The proposed photonic crystals are readily amenable to very high precision microfabrication using established techniques such as x-ray lithography and template inversion. Each architecture consists of a set of oriented cyl...

.'..I AbstructMany forward electromagnetic scattering models have been proposed to predict the normalized radar cross section, &', from sea ice characteristics. In this paper, we apply scatterometer data to large scale inverse modeling. Given the limited resolution, we adopt a simple geometric optics forward scattering model to analyze surface and volume scattering contributions to observed Ku-...

Photonic band gap (PBG) materials are attractive for cavity QED experiments because they provide extremely small mode volumes and are monolithic, integratable structures. As such, PBG cavities are a promising alternative to Fabry-Perot resonators. However, the cavity requirements imposed by QED experiments, such as the need for high Q (low cavity damping) and small mode volumes, present signifi...

A strain-free superlattice of inversion domains along the hexagonal axis of SiC is investigated by theoretical calculations. The induced polarization causes a zigzag shape in the band edges, leading to spatial separation of photoexcited carriers and to an effective band gap narrowing tunable over a wide range by the geometry and on a smaller scale by the intensity of the excitation. Calculation...

The observation of spatially distributed soil moisture fields is an essential component for a large range of hydrological, climate, and agricultural applications. While direct measurements are expensive and limited to small spatial domains, the inversion of airborne and satellite L-band radiometer data has shown the potential to provide spatial estimates of near surface soil moisture from the l...

Inducing an inversion layer in organic semiconductors is a highly nontrivial, but critical, achievement for producing field-effect transistor (OFET) devices, which rely on the generation of inversion, accumulation, and depletion regimes successful operation. In recent years, major milestone was reached: OFET made to successfully operate inversion-mode first time. Here, we develop pulsed bias te...

Metal–dithiolene complexes form very attractive categories of molecular metals and superconductors. They can have various oxidation states and can range from electron acceptors to donors. The first observation of metallic behavior in crystalline metal– dithiolene complexes was reported for Li0.75[Pt(mnt)2]?2H2O [mnt~maleonitriledithiolate; Scheme 1] by Underhill et al. in 1981. The conduction p...