Light-induced structural changes of chloroplasts and their lamellae were studied in leaves of Pisum sativum L., cv. Blue Bantam, using electron microscopy. Upon illumination of 14-day-old plants with 2000 lux, the chloroplasts decreased in thickness by about 23% with an accompanying increase in electron scattering by the stroma. Concomitantly, the average thickness of granal lamellae (thylakoid...

The minimum metabolic cost of transport (CoTmin; J kg(-1) m(-1)) scales negatively with increasing body mass (∝Mb (-1/3)) across species from a wide range of taxa associated with marked differences in body plan. At the intraspecific level, or between closely related species, however, CoTmin does not always scale with Mb. Similarity in physiology, dynamics of movement, skeletal geometry and post...

It is known that there is a separation, i.e., compartmentation of organic acids in young maize tissue (11) and that the organic acid prodtucts (specifically malic acid) of CO, fixation are not in complete equilibriuim with mitochondrial pools (9, 10). Thus, there are at least 2 essentially separate metabolic pools of organic acids. Previous work with corn root tips led tus to postulate a metabo...

The Yorkie/Yap transcriptional coactivator is a well-known regulator of cellular proliferation in both invertebrates and mammals. As a coactivator, Yorkie (Yki) lacks a DNA binding domain and must partner with sequence-specific DNA binding proteins in the nucleus to regulate gene expression; in Drosophila, the developmental regulators Scalloped (Sd) and Homothorax (Hth) are two such partners. T...

Preprotein translocation across the outer and inner envelope membranes of chloroplasts is an energy-dependent process requiring ATP hydrolysis. Several precursor proteins analyzed so far have been found to be imported into isolated chloroplasts equally well in the dark in the presence of ATP as in the light where ATP is supplied by photophosphorylation in the chloroplasts themselves. We demonst...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether multiparametric MRI data can provide insight into the acute and long-lasting neuronal sequelae after a concussion in adolescent athletes. METHODS Players were recruited from Bantam hockey leagues in which body checking is first introduced (male, age 11-14 years). Clinical measures, diffusion metrics, resting-state network and region-to-region functional connecti...

While gardening is seen, essentially, as a leisure activity it has also been suggested that the cultivation of a garden plot offers a simple way of harnessing the healing power of nature (The therapeutic garden, Bantam Press, London, 2000). One implication of this is that gardens and gardening activity may offer a key site of comfort and a vital opportunity for an individual's emotional, physic...

Partially as the result of consumer and environmentalist pressure, proposals for large-scale government and private projects are increasingly coming under the scrutiny of cost-benefit analysis, decision analysis, risk assessment and related approaches. This paper presents a critical overview of such analyses. It discusses (a) their rationale; (b) their acceptability as guides to decision making...

November in Goshen on its high hilltop is blustery and cold and raw. It may have its moments when Indian summer slips back for a last regretful visit, and a murky blue haze lies in the great hollow to the east, but the 20th of that month in 1769, was a day of cold skies with no sun to glint on the green ripples of Marshapogge, now Tyler Pond. There was a hint of snow in the air, and Ivy Mountai...