for a simple connected graph $g$ with $n$-vertices having laplacian eigenvalues‎ ‎$mu_1$‎, ‎$mu_2$‎, ‎$dots$‎, ‎$mu_{n-1}$‎, ‎$mu_n=0$‎, ‎and signless laplacian eigenvalues $q_1‎, ‎q_2,dots‎, ‎q_n$‎, ‎the laplacian-energy-like invariant($lel$) and the incidence energy ($ie$) of a graph $g$ are respectively defined as $lel(g)=sum_{i=1}^{n-1}sqrt{mu_i}$ and $ie(g)=sum_{i=1}^{n}sqrt{q_i}$‎. ‎in th...

We consider an asynchronous voting process on graphs which we call discordant voting, and which can be described as follows. Initially each vertex holds one of two opinions, red or blue say. Neighbouring vertices with different opinions interact pairwise. After an interaction both vertices have the same colour. The quantity of interest is T , the time to reach consensus, i.e. the number of inte...

Simulating the movement of a snatch weightlifter by means of the dynamic formulation and optimizing this movement using Genetic Algorithm as a soft computing method is the main purpose of this study. The snatch weightlifter is modeled by an open kinematic chain. The problem is defined as the optimization of the movement of this model from the first position to the predefined second position whi...

INTRODUCTION Variations in transverse point of measure on the vastus lateralis (VL) may significantly affect the relationship between structure and function. The purpose of this study was to compare changes in muscle architecture at 2 commonly used points of measure (VL0 and VL5). METHODS Maximal strength (1-repetition maximum [1RM] barbell squat) and muscle architecture were assessed PRE and...

the degree set of a graph is the set of its degrees. kapoor et al. [degree sets for graphs, fund. math. 95 (1977) 189-194] proved that for every set of positive integers, there exists a graph of diameter at most two and radius one with that degree set. furthermore, the minimum order of such a graph is determined. a graph is 2-self- centered if its radius and diameter are two. in this paper for ...

The calpains, calcium-activated neutral proteases, play important roles in calcium-regulated intra-cellular signal transduction cascades. Here we report the isolation and initial characterization of a cDNA encoding a calpain 9, digestive tract specific calpain, from catfish taste epithelium. This calpain 9 (Ip-CAPN9a) shares 61% identity with human calpain 9. Phylogenetic analysis provides evid...

Overhead athletes often suffer shoulder and elbow injuries. More often than not these arise insidiously without any obvious trauma. The usual culprit is cumulative overload or repetitive strain. Weight lifting exercises (e.g. lateral deltoid raise, military press, dips, regular or incline barbell press), throwing overhand (e.g. baseball, football), or hitting overhead (tennis serve or overhead,...

The case presented is designed to draw attention to the increasingly common occurrence of tooth fracture as a result of trauma incurred from a barbell inserted during tongue piercing. Oral piercing is on the rise. Of concern to health personnel are the associated risks, which include damage to dentition, infection, speech impediment and nerve damage. Also of concern is the belief that in some c...