Recent discoveries of large leg feathers in some theropods have implications for our understanding of the evolution of integumentary features on the avialan leg, and particularly of their relevance for the origin of avialan flight. Here we report 11 basal avialan specimens that will greatly improve our knowledge of leg integumentary features among early birds. In particular, they provide solid ...

Lu W, Ran P, Zhang D, Lai N, Zhong N, Wang J. Bone morphogenetic protein 4 enhances canonical transient receptor potential expression, store-operated Ca entry, and basal [Ca ]i in rat distal pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 299: C1370–C1378, 2010. First published September 15, 2010; doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00040.2010.—Recent advances have identified an important rol...

Sympathetic innervation of intraparenchymal blood vessels in the basal ganglia was demonstrated by transmission electron microscopy in arteries, arterioles, and capillaries of the subhuman primate brain. Small arteries (40-120 micron) and some arterioles (12-40 micron) are innervated only at branching sites. However, arterioles occasionally may be innervated at points distal to their origin. Ca...

This paper describes the concepts of Strictly Positive Definite, Universal, Integrally C0-Universal for Gaussian kernel on a Hilbert space. As consequence we obtain similar characterization an important family kernels studied and developed by Schoenberg also spatial-time popular in geostatistics, Gneiting class, its generalizations. Either using techniques, or direct spaces, characterize same d...

Peptide YY (PYY) antisecretory effect on intestinal epithelia is well established, whereas less is known about its actions to influence colonic motility in conscious animals. We characterized changes in basal function and stimulated colonic motor function induced by PYY-related peptides in conscious mice. PYY(3-36), PYY, and neuropeptide Y (NPY) (8 nmol/kg) injected intraperitoneally inhibited ...

roasting is the common shape of pistachio nuts processing and the purpose of this process is to increase the total acceptability of products. the aim of this study was the effects of hot air roasting temperatures (90, 120 and 150°c), times (20, 35 and 50 min) and air velocities (0.5, 1.5 and 2.5 m/s) on textural attributes (fracture force, hardness, apparent modulus of elasticity and compressio...

BACKGROUND Recurrent functional mitral regurgitation (MR) has been reported after mitral valve repair with annuloplasty in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy, but the mechanism is not understood completely. The authors sought to identify abnormalities of the mitral valve and left ventricle that are associated with recurrent MR after mitral annuloplasty. METHOD AND RESULTS In 104 patients wi...

this review deals with studies that have used cdna microarrays and immunohistochemistry to identify a subtype of breast carcinoma recently known as “basal-like” carcinoma. the key breast carcinoma studies are critically discussed to highlight methodological problems in cohort selection, definitions, interpretation of results, and statistical analysis. it concludes that “basal-like” carcinomas d...

Characteristics and inheritance of rhizome coloration in the red lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) ‘Tomohiro’ were investigated to achieve stable production breeding cultivars. Rhizome proceeded from basal internodes distal ones during growing stage, enlarged rhizomes was completed October. No individuals with both white one plant found, there no a mottled pattern or an intermediate color between white....