SiGe heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) have been fabricated using selective epitaxy for the Si collector, followed in the same growth step by nonselective epitaxy for the p SiGe base and n-Si emitter cap. DC electrical characteristics are compared with cross-section TEM images to identify the mechanisms and origins of leakage currents associated with the epitaxy in two different types o...

Local frequency and time averaging and differentiating operators, using three neighboring points of critical-band timefrequency plane, are used to process the plane prior to its use in TRAP-based ASR. In that way, five alternative TRAP-based ASR systems (the original one and the time/frequency integrated/differentiated ones)are created. We show that the frequency differentiating operator improv...

We derive the effective Gross-Pitaevskii equation for a cigar-shaped dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate in one-dimensional lattices and investigate the band structures numerically. Due to the anisotropic and the longranged dipole-dipole interaction in addition to the known contact interaction, we elucidate the possibility of modifying the band structures by changing the alignment of the dipoles w...

With the increase of the transmission bit rate on optical fibers, it is now possible to transmit a base band signal over long distances. A very promising technology called Digital Radio Over Fiber (DRoF) uses this principle and allows centralization of resource management in the base stations architecture. This architecture is consist of three components: a Base Band Unit (BBU), a Remote Radio ...

Chronic penile strangulation is exceedingly rare with only 5 cases previously reported. We report an additional case of progressive penile lymphedema due to chronic intermittent strangulation caused by a rubber band applied to the penile base for 6 years. A 49-year-old man presented incapacity to exteriorize the glans penis. For erotic purposes, he had been using a rubber-enlarging band placed ...

Massive MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) base stations have proven, both in theory and in practice, to possess many of the qualities that future wireless communication systems will require. They can provide equally high data rates throughout their coverage area and can concurrently servemultiple low-end handsets without requiring wider spectrum, denser base station deployment or significan...