Papers published in Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions are under open-access review for the journal Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Abstract Runoff generation during extreme floods usually occurs whenever rainfall forcing exceeds a given threshold. In many cases, different thresholds may be identified as responsible of the hydrological losses during ordinary events or extraordi...

Six rainfall datasets are compared over the Amazon basin, Northeast Brazil, and the Congo basin. These datasets include three gauge-only precipitation products from the Climate Prediction Center (CPC), Global Precipitation Climatology Center (GPCC), and Brazilian Weather Forecast and Climate Studies Center (CLMNLS), and three combined gauge and satellite precipitation datasets from the CPC Merg...

This study presents an analysis of 195 rainfall events gathered with the X-band weather radar SOLIDAR and a tipping bucket rain gauge network near Delft, The Netherlands, between May 1993 and April 1994. The aim of this paper is to present a thorough analysis of a climatological dataset using a high spatial (120 m) and temporal (16 s) resolution X-band radar. This makes it a study of the potent...

Using long-term data on rainfall and annual runoff, an investigation was made of the spatial and temporal variability of rainfall and runoff in the Casamance River basin located in southern Senegal, West Africa. A 5-year moving average was employed to identify trends in the data. Monthly and annual rainfall tends to have been decreasing, and the annual maximum temperature rising from around the...

investigation of inter-storm variability of runoff and soil loss characteristics helps experts and decision makes better understanding of hydrological response. however, this important has been less considered in the world, especially developing countries. the present study was therefore planned to evaluate the effect of different rainfall intensities and slopes on inter-storm variability of co...

22 23 In this paper, a hydrologic/hydrodynamic modelling of the Amazon River basin 24 is presented using the MGB-IPH model with a validation using remotely-sensed 25 observations. Moreover, the sources of model errors by means of the validation and 26 sensitivity tests are investigated and the physical functioning of the Amazon basin is 27 also explored. The MGB-IPH is a physically-based model ...

Areas affected by land degradation in Sub-Saharan West Africa between 1982 and 2012 are identified using time-series analysis of vegetation index data derived from satellites. The residual trend (RESTREND) of a Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) time-series is defined as the fraction of the difference between the observed NDVI and the NDVI predicted from climate data. It has been wid...

This study develops a geographical information system (GIS) approach for automated processing of the Next Generation Weather Radar (NEXRAD) Stage III precipitation data. The automated processing system, implemented by using commercial GIS and a number of Perl scripts and C/C++ programs, allows for rapid data display, requires less storage capacity, and provides the analytical and data visualiza...

Over the last decade, neural networks-based flood forecast systems have been increasingly used in hydrological studies. Usually, input data of the network are composed by past measurements of flows and rainfalls, without providing a description of the saturation state of the basin, which in contrast plays a key role in the rainfall-runoff process. Here, we adopt a fuzzy approach in order to pro...

As a first step in applying the Integrated Nitrogen model for CAtchments (INCA) to the Simojoki river basin (3160 km2), this paper focuses on calibration of the hydrological part of the model and nitrogen (N) dynamics in the river during the 1980s and 1990s. The model application utilised the GIS land-use and forest classification of Finland together with a recent forest inventory based on remo...