Oral administration of β-carotene (BC) was found to exert opposite effects on plasma levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in two animal models. One study in nude mice injected via tail vein with hepatocarcinoma SK-Hep-1 cells showed that BC decreases the plasma VEGF level, whereas the other study in nude mice injected subcutaneously with prostate tumor PC-3 cells showed that BC i...

Evidence from cell culture studies indicates that β-carotene-(BC)-derived apocarotenoid signaling molecules can modulate the activities of nuclear receptors that regulate many aspects of adipocyte physiology. Two BC metabolizing enzymes, the BC-15,15'-oxygenase (Bcmo1) and the BC-9',10'-oxygenase (Bcdo2) are expressed in adipocytes. Bcmo1 catalyzes the conversion of BC into retinaldehyde and Bc...

Black carbon (BC) is regarded as a chemically and biologically stable form of carbon and the changes of BC properties in nature are generally assumed to be minute. However, more and more observations have argued the inertness of BC. The objectives of this study were to characterize the changes of BC properties through ageing processes and to identify if these changes are associated with tempera...

Background and Aim. We evaluated the usefulness of background coloration (BC), a color change in the area between intrapapillary capillary loops (IPCLs) in the early esophago-pharyngeal lesions using NBI with magnificaiton. Methods. Between April 2004 and March 2010, a total of 294 esophago-pharyngeal lesions were examined using NBI with magnification, and the presence of BC and IPCL patterns w...

Exposure of Escherichia coli to a subminimal inhibitory concentration (25% below MIC) of benzalkonium chloride (BC), an antimicrobial membrane-active agent commonly used in medical and food-processing environments, resulted in cell death and changes in cell morphology (filamentation). A small subpopulation (1-5% of the initial population) survived and regained similar morphology and growth rate...

Systemic cancer therapies take into account breast cancer (BC) heterogeneity by targeting pathways specifically involved in some BC subtypes. On the other hand, BC intrinsic radiosensitivity is poorly understood and studied. Hence, radiotherapy personalization in BC is still “work in progress”. In this review, we will summarize the existing data on the management of axillary lymph nodes in BC, ...

Aims: Soil black carbon (BC) has been shown to possess large amounts of cation exchange sites and surface charge, and is viewed as a potential soil amendment to improve nutrient retention and for pollutant remediation. This study investigated the nanoscale distribution of reactive functional groups and the binding of cations on the surface of micron-size BC particles, identified the key process...

W e read with great interest the article by Torres-Mejía et al. (1) showing that moderate-intensity physical activity can substantially ameliorate the increased risk of breast cancer (BC) in diabetic women. In addition, higher serum levels of C-peptide, IGF-1, and IGF-1 binding protein 3 (IGFBP3) were found to increase BC risk in premenopausal women. The finding is important because there is li...

corticosterone in male and female virgin and breeder rats. Acta Endocrinol 62: 411-424, 1969 14. lams SG, Wexler BC: Aldosterone, deoxycorticosterone and corticosterone differences between arteriosclerotic breeder vs nonarteriosclerotic virgin rats. Atherosclerosis 24: 63-73, 1976 15. Wexler BC, True CW: Carotid and cerebral arteriosclerosis. Circ Res 12: 659-666, 1963 16. Wexler BC: Spontaneou...