Honey bees, Apis mellifera L., are frequently used to pollinate commercial cranberries, Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait., but information is lacking on the relative contribution of honey bees and native bees, the effects of surrounding vegetation on bee visitation, and on optimal timing for honey bee introduction. We begin with a descriptive study of numbers of honey bees, bumble bees, and other bees...

The set covering problem is a formal model for many practical optimization problems. In the set covering problem the goal is to choose a subset of the columns of minimal cost that covers every row. Here, we present a novel application of the artificial bee colony algorithm to solve the non-unicost set covering problem. The artificial bee colony algorithm is a recent swarm metaheuristic techniqu...

Artificial Bee Colony algorithm is an optimization algorithm based on the intelligent behavior of honey bee swarm. This paper presents Bee Swarm Optimization intended to introduce chaotic sequences and psychology factor of emotion into the algorithm. We define two emotions Bees could have, positive and negative, and correspond to two reaction to perception respectively. For avoiding premature c...

Swarm intelligence is a research branch that models the population of interacting agents or swarms that are able to self-organize. An ant colony, a flock of birds or an immune system is a typical example of a swarm system. Bees’ swarming around their hive is another example of swarm intelligence. Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) Algorithm is an optimization algorithm based on the intelligent behavio...

Bees have been managed and utilised for honey production for centuries and, more recently, pollination services. Since the mid 20th Century, the use and production of managed bees has intensified with hundreds of thousands of hives being moved across countries and around the globe on an annual basis. However, the introduction of unnaturally high densities of bees to areas could have adverse eff...

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) are powerful tools for learning information from temporal sequences. Designing an optimum deep RNN is difficult due to configuration and training issues, such as vanishing exploding gradients. In this paper, a novel metaheuristic optimisation approach proposed RNNs the sentiment classification task. The employs enhanced Ternary Bees Algorithm (BA-3+), which oper...

PREFERENCE OF HONEY BEES, CARPENTER BEES, AND BUMBLE BEES FOR NEW CROPS IN VIRGINIA. Mark Kraemer & Harbans Bhardwaj, Agricultural Research Station, Virginia State Univ., Petersburg, VA 23806. Agricultural crops may provide important nectar and pollen resources for native bees and the European honey bee, especially during the mid to late summer period when forage resources are limited. In some ...

PREFERENCE OF HONEY BEES, CARPENTER BEES, AND BUMBLE BEES FOR NEW CROPS IN VIRGINIA. Mark Kraemer & Harbans Bhardwaj, Agricultural Research Station, Virginia State Univ., Petersburg, VA 23806. Agricultural crops may provide important nectar and pollen resources for native bees and the European honey bee, especially during the mid to late summer period when forage resources are limited. In some ...

In a 2-yr Þeld study, mature orchard plants of rabbiteye blueberry (Vaccinium ashei Reade variety ÔClimaxÕ), plus potted pollenizers (ÔPremierÕ) were caged with varying densities of honey bees (0, 400, 800, 1,600, 3,200, 6,400, or 12,800 bees plus open plot) during the bloom interval. The rate of legitimate ßower visits tended to increase as bee density increased within a range of 400Ð6,400 bee...