We describe some modifications to a Bernas-type ion source that improve the beam production efficiency and operating lifetime. The ionization of Bernas type has been improved by using small anode is thin rod, oriented along magnetic field. transverse electric field causes plasma drift in crossed ExB emission slit. cathode material recycling was optimized increase lifetime, wall potential suppre...

Im Gegensatz zu Iod(I)-basierten Halogenbrückendonoren wurden von Iod(III) abgeleitete Derivate nur in einer Handvoll Beispielen als einzähnige Lewis-saure Organokatalysatoren verwendet. Hier berichten wir der ersten Anwendung zweizähniger Bis(iodolium)salze Michael- und Nitro-Michael-Additionsreaktion sowie Diels-Alder-Reaktion, welche bisher noch nicht nicht-kovalenten aktiviert worden war. I...

A two-step transition metal-free methodology for the C(sp3)?C(sp3) functionalisation of saturated N-heterocyclic systems is disclosed. First, aminal derivatives are generated through anodic oxidation readily accessible carboxylic acids. Then, in presence BF3 ? OEt2, iminium ions unmasked and rapidly alkylated by organozinc reagents under flow conditions. Secondary, tertiary quaternary carbon ce...

gamma camera is an important apparatus in nuclear medicine imaging. its detection part is consists of a scintillation detector with aheavy collimator. substitution of semiconductor detectors instead of scintillator in these cameras has been effectively studied. in this study, it is aimed to introduce a new design of p-n semiconductor detector array for nuclear medicine imaging. a p-n semiconduc...

We report a new method developed for the determination of stable carbon isotopic composition of homologous alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acids and phthalic acid isolated from environmental samples such as atmospheric aerosols and snow. Dicarboxylic acids are derivatized with BF3/1-butanol to dibutyl esters, which are analyzed for the stable carbon isotopic composition using a capillary GC interfaced...

Among privileged structures, indoles occupy a central place in medicinal chemistry and alkaloid research. Here we report a flexible and efficient conversion of pyrrole-3-carboxaldehydes to substituted 7-amino-5-cyanoindoles. Phosphine addition to fumaronitrile proceeds with prototropic rearrangement of the initially formed zwitterion to the thermodynamically favored phosphonium ylide, which is ...