Available transfer capability (ATC) is the transfer capability remaining in the physical transmission network for further commercial activity over and above already committed uses which needs to be posted in the electricity market to facilitate competition. ATC evaluation is a complicated task including the determination of total transfer capability (TTC) and existing transfer capability (ETC)....

quality of products and services is considered as a key factor for customer satisfaction. quality function deployment (qfd) is known as a critical tool for translating voice of customers to prioritize technical requirements of a production. the level of this satisfaction depends on the number of fulfilled requirements. it should be noted that this level varies according to the possible constrai...

The outbreak of COVID-19 disrupted our everyday life. Many local authorities enforced a cordon sanitaire for the protection sensitive areas. Travellers can only pass after tested. This paper aims to propose method design an on-ramp control scheme maximise urban freeway network throughput with predetermined queuing delay constraint at all off-ramps around sanitaire. A bi-level programming model ...

The business environment is full of uncertainty. Allocating the wealth among various asset classes may lower the risk of overall portfolio and increase the potential for more benefit over the long term. In this paper, we propose a mixed singlestage R&D projects and multi-stage securities portfolio selection model. Specifically, we present a bi-objective mixed-integer stochastic programming mode...

This paper presents a fuzzy approach for solving the bi-level integer linear fractional programming problem (BILFPP). At the first phase of the solution algorithm and to avoid the complexity of non convexity of this problem, we begin by finding the convex hull of its original set of constraints using the cutting-plane algorithm, and then the Charnes & Cooper transformation is used to convert th...