We consider a family of 3D models for the axi-symmetric incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. The models are derived by changing the strength of the convection terms in the axisymmetric Navier-Stokes equations written using a set of transformed variables. We prove the global regularity of the family of models in the case that the strength of convection is slightly stronger than that of the or...

Convection is an important phenomenon in the atmospheres of A-type and cooler stars. A description of convection in ATLAS models is presented, together with details of how it is specified in model calculations. The effects of changing the treatment of convection on model structures and how this affects observable quantities are discussed. The role of microturbulence is examined, and its link to...

The combined effects of a uniform vertical magnetic field and a nonuniform basic temperature profile on the onset of steady Marangoni convection in a horizontal layer of micropolar fluid are studied. The closed-form expression for the Marangoni number M for the onset of convection, valid for polynomial-type basic temperature profiles upto a third order, is obtained by the use of the single-term...

The segregation of large spheres in a granular bed under vertical vibrations is studied. In our experiments, we systematically measure rise times as a function of density, diameter, and depth, for two different sinusoidal excitations. The measurements reveal that, at low frequencies, inertia and convection are the only mechanisms behind segregation. Inertia (convection) dominates when the relat...

The effect of deep convection on the intensities of gravity waves and turbulence during the summer at White Sands, New Mexico, is investigated using 50-MHz mesosphere–stratosphere–troposphere (MST) radar observations and surface weather reports. Radar data taken at 3-min intervals from the summers of 1991 through 1996 (with occasional gaps of varying length) are used to construct hourly means, ...

The Ra and Pr number scaling of the Nusselt number Nu, the Reynolds number Re, the temperature fluctuations, and the kinetic and thermal dissipation rates is studied for snumericald homogeneous Rayleigh–Bénard turbulence, i.e., Rayleigh–Bénard turbulence with periodic boundary conditions in all directions and a volume forcing of the temperature field by a mean gradient. This system serves as mo...

Based on direct numerical simulations and symmetry arguments, we show that the large-scale Fourier modes are useful tools to describe the flow structures and dynamics of flow reversals in Rayleigh-Bénard convection (RBC). We observe that during the reversals, the amplitude of one of the large-scale modes vanishes, while another mode rises sharply, very similar to the "cessation-led" reversals o...

In order to investigate the effect of different levels of nitrogen and bio-fertilizers on yield of canola plants in Qazvin, Iran, a split-plot design was conducted on the base of randomized complete block design with four replications. Treatments included 3 levels of nitrogen (0, 75 and 150 kg ha-1) and bio-fertilizers on four levels (no inoculation, Azotobacter, Azospirillum and a combination ...

objective: this study is an attempt to examine the anti apoptotic effects of bio on rat msc culture. materials and methods: rat marrow primary cell culture was established and exposure groups were defined; cultures with 0.01, 0.1, 1 μm bio. cells cultured without bio treatment were used as controls. during culture expantion, the average doubling time, as an index of the rate of cell growth, wer...

The bioconvection phenomenon, through the utilization of nanomaterials, has recently encountered significant technical and manufacturing applications. Bioconvection various applications in bio-micro-systems due to improvement it brings mixing mass transformation, which are crucial problems several micro-systems. present investigation aims explore phenomenon magneto-nanofluid flow via free conve...