The modeling, simulation, and dynamic optimization of an industrial reaction system for acetylene hydrogenation are discussed in the present work. The process consists of three adiabatic fixed-bed reactors, in series, with interstage cooling. These reactors are located after the compression and the caustic scrubbing sections of an ethylene plant, characterizing a front-end system; in contrast t...

M ixing behavior of three geometrically equivalent 0.06 m bubble column and airlift photobioreactors was compared for use in microalgal culture. Mixing was characterized in terms of the axial dispersion coefficient, mixing time, circulation time and Bodenstein number. Measurements were reported in tap water and sea water, as used in growing microalgal biomass. Compared with the two airlift reac...

The production of radioisotopes for use in biomedical procedures such as diagnostic imaging and/or therapeutic treatments is achieved through nuclear reactions in reactors or from charged particle bombardment in accelerators. In reactors the nuclear reactions are initiated with neutrons while in accelerators the typical charged particle reactions utilize protons although deuterons and α−particl...

Dry-type air-core shunt reactors are now being used more frequently on high voltage power transmission systems to limit overvoltages. Recently, high voltage dry-type air-core shunt reactors have been designed, manufactured and installed directly connected to the transmission systems at voltages up to and including 345 kV. Applications at 500 kV are presently being considered. These ratings requ...

The roles of chemical kinetics and mass transfer in two types of bioreactors (packed-column reactors and rotating disk bioreactors), used with continuous-flow sample/ reagent(s) processing, are discussed in detail. A normalized quantitative comparison between these types of reactors clearly shows that rotating disk reactors afford a significantly more efficient utilization of immobilized active...

the sequencing batch reactors were developed to treat the actual wastewater from ethyleneglycol/ethylene oxide producing industry. four identical reactors with total and effective liquid volumes of 9and 7 l were operated respectively in parallel. laboratory experiments were conducted with different organicloadings of 500, 1000, 1500 and 3000 g-cod/m3.day and the performance of the reactors was ...

this study investigated the effect, on reactor performance and biomass retention inside the bed, of the material used to make the supports of anaerobic fixed-bed reactors. three inert supports of similar shape but made of three different materials polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, high-density polyethylene were manufactured and used. all three supports had the same specific surface area but di...

We discuss a somewhat futuristic plan for a world network of enormous neutrino detec tors which may be employed for monitoring the activity of all reactors on earth Three or more cubic kilometer size instruments with sensitivity down to about MeV placed in the deep oceans or possibly lakes can record the electron anti neutrino uxes from reactors no matter where they reside Using known power lev...