Secondhand smoke exposure (SHSe) is a known cause of many adverse health effects in adults and children. Increasingly, SHSe assessment is an element of tobacco control research and implementation worldwide. In spite of decades of development of approaches to assess SHSe, there are still unresolved methodological issues; therefore, a multidisciplinary expert meeting was held to catalogue the app...

Urachal cancer (UraC) is a rare tumor entity that usually develops at the basis of the remnant embryologic urachus. Consisting of mostly adenocarcinomas, most patients present with secondary symptoms due to an advanced stage with urinary bladder infiltration. One third of patients are already metastasized at presentation rendering them unsuitable for curative surgical treatment. In order to imp...

B markers are among the most promising tools for the early diagnosis and treatment of alcohol­related problems. A biological marker is generally an abnor­ mal result of a blood test or other labora­ tory analysis, indicating the presence of an abnormal state or condition. This abnormal condition may refer to the presence of or susceptibility to a disease; it also may refer to an abnormal state ...

Chloroform has been for a long time considered only as an anthropogenic contaminant. The presence of chloroform in forest soil and groundwater has been widely demonstrated. The frequent detection of chloroform in groundwater in absence of other contaminants suggests that chloroform is likely produced naturally. Compound-specific isotope analysis of chloroform was performed on soil-gas and groun...

conclusions in view of the limitations of the above-mentioned modalities, liver biopsy remains the gold standard method for documentation of diagnosis and estimation of disease severity in nafld. context considering the increasing prevalence of obesity and insulin resistance syndrome worldwide, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (nafld) has become a major health concern. early diagnosis and prop...

In our studies on the heat inactivation at neutral pH of transforming principle prepared by employing water-saturated phenol as a deproteinizing agent, we have consistently observed exponential heat survival curves at subcritical temperatures, i.e., below the melting point (denaturation).' On the other hand, using DNA deproteinized by chloroform-amyl alcohol, we and others4' I observe a surviva...

This article reviews the role chloroform has played in dentistry and describes an occupational health clinical investigation into the possible hazards of chloroform use in the operatory. Due to a Food and Drug Administration ban on drugs and cosmetics containing chloroform, there has been some confusion as to whether the use of chloroform in the practice of dentistry is considered unsafe or has...

Chloroform is a drinking water contaminant that has been demonstrated to be carcinogenic to mice and rats resulting in an increased incidence of liver and kidney tumors, respectively. The mechanism of chloroform carcinogenicity might be by tumor initiation and/or promotion. Since induction of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity has been proposed as a molecular marker for tumor promoters, we ...