The mouths of some bony and cartilaginous fishes are located in the anterior part of theirbodies, with a slight variation in sharks, which have theirs located in the abdominal part. Thisvariation is evolutionary over time. The force exerted by the jaws of sharks in order todismember their prey can be examined from two origins: .The determined force exerted by teethand muscles and the force as a...

Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com occlusal load, scientific literature describes patients more prone to overload as individuals who present parafunctions [12-14]. However, patients with parafunctions do not necessarily present load forces intense enough to cause damage to the periodontal tissues and teeth. On the contrary, brachyfacial individuals, even in the absence of parafunctio...

The spotted ratfish Hydrolagus colliei is a holocephalan fish that consumes hard prey (durophagy) but lacks many morphological characters associated with durophagy in other cartilaginous fishes. We investigated its feeding biomechanics and biting performance to determine whether it can generate bite forces comparable with other durophagous elasmobranchs, how biting performance changes over onto...

The evolution of cranial design in lepidosaurians is characterized by a general trend toward the loss of cranial elements. The evolution of relatively lighter skulls in squamates appears tightly coupled to a reduction in relative mass of the jaw adductor, implying functional consequences for bite force and feeding behavior. Interestingly, among squamates the postorbital bar was reduced or lost ...