The path length of a tree, that is the sum of the lengths of all root-leaf paths, is an important measure of eeciency of the tree. The fringe of a tree is the diierence between the lengths of the longest path and the shortest path in the tree. The minimal and the maximal path length of trees with N leaves and given fringe have been well studied. In this paper, we initiate the study of the expec...

This discussion paper will focus on the predictive modeling of relationships between latent variables in a multi-block data framework. We will refer to component-based methods such as Partial Least Squares Path Modelling, Generalized Structured Component Analysis as well as to some of their recent variants and other alternatives. We will compare these approaches by paying particular attention t...

In this paper the solution of a finite element approximation of a linear obstacle plate problem is investigated. A simple version of an interior point method and a block pivoting algorithm have been proposed for the solution of this problem. Special purpose implementations of these procedures are included and have been used in the solution of a set of test problems. The results of these experie...

T concept of “critical junctures” is an essential building block of historical institutionalism. many causal arguments in the historical institutionalist literature postulate a dual model of institutional development characterized by relatively long periods of path-dependent institutional stability and reproduction that are punctuated occasionally by brief phases of institutional flux—referred ...

One of the jobs of a circuit designer is to build a measurement system that provides valid input-to-output data as defined by the system requirements over a given frequency range. The four possible elements of a signal path include a gain/signal conditioning cell, an anti-aliasing filter, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and a digital processing block. Figure 1 shows this type of system wit...

Multipath transmission which uses multiple paths for data transfer has been used in wireless networks to improve the performance of end-to-end transmission. However, wireless networks suffer from high packet loss rate, variations in end-to-end delay and available bandwidth. Hence, the Forward Error Correction (FEC) mechanism has been proposed to recover lost packets by adapting to the changing ...

introduction: several factors affect the academic performance of college students and parenting style is one significant factor. the current study has been done with the purpose of investigating the relationship between parenting styles, academic achievement and career path of students at shiraz university of medical sciences. methods: this is a correlation study carried out at shiraz universit...