Gas holdup and bubble size are important parameters for simulation and designing in bubble column reactors. Because based on these parameters, the available gas-liquid interfacial area is defined for mass transfer. In this paper, the results of applying magnetic fields on the velocity field and volume fraction of gas holdup are reported. Hydrodynamics of the bubble column in the reactors is inv...

Objective: To describe the respiratory functional alterations that occur in patients with morbid obesity (MO) and the possible influence of gender and distribution of body fat, measured as an index waist/hip ratio (wai/hip). Method: Prospective study in 2 years of anthropometric and functional parameters breathing in MO, determining age, body mass index (BMI), waist, hip, wai/hip index, blood g...

BACKGROUND PCO2 and PO2 are important monitoring parameters in neonatal intensive care units (NICU). Compared to conventional blood gas measurements that cause significant blood loss in preterms, transcutaneous (tc) measurements allow continuous, non-invasive monitoring of blood gas levels. The aim of the study was to survey the usage and opinions among German speaking NICUs concerning tc blood...

Severinghaus' equation can safely be used for the indirect estimation of oxygen half saturation pressure (P50) on the basis of blood gas parameters in normal subjects. However, 139 blood samples from 65 patients with severe injuries, the estimated P50 values differed significantly from directly measured values. The difference is highly correlated to the molar ratio of 2, 3-diphosphoglycerate to...

OBJECTIVE To assess the influence of prolonged pneumoperitoneum (PP) on liver function and perfusion in a clinically relevant porcine model of laparoscopic abdominal insufflation. BACKGROUND PP during laparoscopic surgery produces increased intra-abdominal pressure, which potentially influences hepatic function and microcirculatory perfusion. METHODS Six pigs (49.6 ± 5.8 kg) underwent lapar...

In this paper we implement GAs that have one or more parameters that are adjusted during the run. In particular we use an existing self-adaptive mutation rate mechanism, propose a new mechanism for self-adaptive crossover rates, and redesign an existing variable population size model. We compare the simple GA with GAs featuring only one of the parameter adjusting mechanisms and with a GA that a...

BACKGROUND The use of positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) in patients with acute lung injury (ALI) improves arterial oxygenation by alleviating pulmonary shunting, helping the respiratory muscles to decrease the work of breathing, decreasing the rate of infiltrated and atelectatic tissues, and increasing functional residual capacity. In a rabbit model of saline lavage-induced ALI, we examin...

this research was conducted to determine the effect of gamma ray (gr) (100 and 150 kgy), sodium hydroxide (50 g/kg dm) and calcium oxide (160 g/kg dm) on gas production parameters and in vitro digestibility of soybean straw. all treatments, except for the gamma ray (100 and 150 kgy) did not have gas production up to 4 hours after incubation and there was a lag time. from 8 to 96 hours of incuba...

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