SEPTEMBER 2010 CATARACT & REFRACTIVE SURGERY TODAY EUROPE 25 A stigmatism is an optical defect that may lead to shadowing, loss of contrast sensitivity, distortion, blurred vision, and ghosting. There are two types of astigmatism, regular and irregular. Irregular astigmatism is often caused by a corneal scar or scattering in the crystalline lens. It is estimated that astigmatism of more than -0...

Peripheral nerve injury not only affects the site of the injury, but can also induce neuronal apoptosis at the spinal cord. However, many acupuncture clinicians still focus only on the injury site, selecting acupoints entirely along the injured nerve trunk and neglecting other regions; this may delay onset of treatment efficacy and rehabilitation. Therefore, in the present study, we compared th...

BACKGROUND A conceptual model of lateral muscular tension in patients presenting thyroid associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) has been recently described. Clinical improvement has been achieved by using acupuncture on points belonging to the so-called extraordinary meridians. The aim of this study was to characterize the anatomical structures related to these acupuncture points by means of 3D MRI im...

Background: A conceptual model of lateral muscular tension in patients presenting thyroid associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) has been recently described. Clinical improvement has been achieved by using acupuncture on points belonging to the so-called extraordinary meridians. The aim of this study was to characterize the anatomical structures related to these acupuncture points by means of 3D MRI i...

BACKGROUND Several studies using acupuncture to treat essential hypertension have been carried out. However, whether acupuncture is efficacious for hypertension is still controversial. Therefore, this trial aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture for patients with mild hypertension. METHODS/DESIGN This is a large scale, open-label, multicenter, randomized controlled clinical t...

Smale flows on 3-manifolds can have invariant saddle sets that are suspensions of shifts of finite type. We look at Smale flows with chain recurrent sets consisting of an attracting closed orbit a, a repelling closed orbit r and a saddle set that is a suspension of a full n-shift and draw some conclusions about the knotting and linking of a ∪ r. For example, we show for all values of n it is po...

A new concept and its methodology for studying human meridians are presented based on rigorous and scientific observation on the objective existence of human meridians in view of biomedical optics. According to this methodology, the infrared radiant characteristics of acupuncture meridians over human body and the optical transport properties of light propagating along the meridian are reported....

Is it possible to map the invisible body? In Germany, there is an emerging bio-medical discipline called Bio-Cybernetics which has been measuring the invisible, energy field of the human body. BioCybernetics is a key component of the broader field of Energy Medicine in Europe. It is actually not a new idea but an old concept that has been given a new name. A bio-cybernetic matrix is a modern te...

PURPOSE To evaluate the prevalence and associated factors of steep cornea/keratoconus in the adult Chinese population. METHODS The population-based Beijing Eye Study 2011 included 3468 individuals with a mean age of 64.6±9.8 years (range: 50-93 years). A detailed ophthalmic examination was performed including optical low-coherence reflectometry. Steep cornea/keratoconus were defined as an ant...

Acupuncture has been practiced widely for treating different medical conditions. The basis of the acupuncture method is doctrine points, one features which their unique electrical properties on measurement methods electropuncture diagnostics are based. purpose study was to explore possibilities a medicament testing technique determining daily doses antiviral drug Sofosbuvir and comparing tested...