Introduction: The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a synovial joint that has a fibrocartilaginous articular disc located between the articular cartilage of the articular eminence of the temporal bone and the mandibular condyle. As masticatory muscles maintain the integrity of the TMJ, the components of the TMJ are constantly compressed during occlusion. During mastication, muscle contractions a...

Anisotropy is one of the most peculiar aspects of cortical bone mechanics; however, its anisotropic mechanical behaviour should be treated only with strict relationship to the length scale of investigation. In this study, we focus on quantifying the orientation and size dependence of the spatial mechanical modulation in individual secondary osteons of bovine cortical bone using nanoindentation....

Biodegradable porous scaffolds have been investigated as an alternative approach to current metal, ceramic, and polymer bone graft substitutes for lost or damaged bone tissues. Although there have been many studies investigating the effects of scaffold architecture on bone formation, many of these scaffolds were fabricated using conventional methods such as salt leaching and phase separation, a...

after harvesting, pistachio nuts are generally kept in storage before being exported. during handling, thenuts are exposed to external forces that cause mechanical damage to them. the increase of the mechanicaldamage is a function of storage conditions, especially temperature. this research investigated the effect ofstorage temperature (25, 5, -5, -15°c), on the mechanical properties of pistach...

Biglycan (bgn) is a small leucine-rich proteoglycan (SLRP) enriched in the extracellular matrix of skeletal tissues. While bgn is known to be involved in the growth and differentiation of osteoblast precursor cells and regulation of collagen fibril formation, it is unclear how these functions impact bone's geometric and mechanical properties, properties which are integral to the structural func...

Artificial bone cements (BCs) based on poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) powders and methyl methacrylate (MMA) liquid monomer also present in their formulation small amounts of other substances, including a chemical initiator compound and radiopaque agents. Because inadequate mixing of the recipe components during the manufacture of the bone cement may compromise the mechanical properties of the...

BACKGROUND Calcium phosphate (CaP) ceramics are one of the most valuable biomaterials for uses as the bone scaffold owing to their outstanding biocompatability, bioactivity, and biodegradation nature. In particular, these materials with an open porous structure can stimulate bone ingrowth into their 3-dimensionally interconnected pores. However, the creation of pores in bulk materials would ine...

Nanoindentation provides the ideal framework to determine mechanical properties of bone at the tissue scale without being affected by the size, shape, and porosity of the bone. However, the values of tissue level mechanical properties vary significantly between studies. Since the differences in the bone sample, hydration state, and test parameters complicate direct comparisons across the variou...

The purpose of the present study was to examine the changes in apparent mechanical properties of trabecular bone in the mandibular condyle during fetal development and to investigate the contributions of altering architecture, and degree and distribution of mineralization to this change. Three-dimensional, high-resolution micro-computed tomography (microCT) reconstructions were utilized to asse...

INTRODUCTION: Impaction grafting is a common procedure in the reconstruction of cavity defects. Concerns regarding sterility of the graft material may require gamma irradiation prior to implantation. The grafts’ mechanical properties play an important role in surgical handling and in-vivo response. Gamma irradiation adversely affects the mechanical properties in a dose dependent fashion in cort...