Introduction/Background Over the last 2 decades, significant technical advancements have improved the delivery of prostate brachytherapy. The transrectal ultrasound-guided implant technique is the backbone of modern prostate brachytherapy. Whether it is permanent or temporary, ie, low-dose-rate (LDR) or high-dose-rate (HDR), respectively, both use similar image-guided techniques for inserting s...

Involvement of parametrial disease in locally advanced cervical patients poses a challenge for women undergoing brachytherapy. Current use of the Fletcher suit applicator may not adequately cover the high risk clinical target volume (HR CTV), especially in the parametrial region due to the physical qualities of brachytherapy from the inverse square law and the need to respect organs at risk (OA...

Background: Different methods have been used for BCG vaccination. Alginate microspheres are useful in delivery of vaccines to the gastrointestinal tract by oral route. Objective: To compare the immune response following oral microencapsulated and subcutaneous (SC) route administration of BCG vaccine in BALB/c mice. Methods: Alginate microspheres were produced by an internal emulsification metho...

In this study, the adsorption behavior of an alginate biopolymer microspheres containing D2 EHPA/TOPO (DTMCs) toward samarium (III) and gadolinium (III) ions was examined under various conditions. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) techniques were used to characterize the structure of microspheres. The average size of the microspheres was estimated around 50...

This report describes a method in which a customized carrier was fabricated for a patient experiencing difficulty during initial brachytherapy treatment, while using a conventional radiation carrier. When designing a customized brachytherapy carrier for a maxillary defect, it is imperative to achieve stability and retention to ensure maximal therapeutic radiation to the desired location. The fa...

The control of size and size distribution of microspheres is necessary for obtaining repeatable controlled release behavior. The chitosan microspheres were prepared by a membrane emulsification technique in this study. Chitosan was dissolved in 1 wt.% aqueous acetic acid containing 0.9 wt.% sodium chloride, which was used as a water phase. A mixture of liquid paraffin and petroleum ether 7:5 (v...

BACKGROUND Many patients with advanced malignant dysphagia are not suitable for definitive treatment. The best option for palliation of dysphagia varies between patients. This paper looks at a simple technique for enhancing laser recanalisation. AIM To assess the value of adjunctive brachytherapy in prolonging palliation of malignant dysphagia by endoscopic laser therapy. PATIENTS Twenty tw...

It has been suggested that pain control during intracavitary brachytherapy for cervical cancer is insufficient in most hospitals in Japan. Our hospital began using caudal epidural anesthesia during high-dose-rate (HDR) intracavitary brachytherapy in 2011. The purpose of the present study was to retrospectively investigate the effects of caudal epidural anesthesia during HDR intracavitary brachy...

conclusions: the results of the present study indicated that oral preparation of cm with an acceptable taste is feasible. background: chlorpheniramine maleate (cm) is widely used as an antihistaminic drug but it is very bitter and as yet no mouth dissolving/disintegrating taste-masked preparation that might be useful for pediatric and geriatric patients is available in the market. objectives: t...

Introduction: Among different kinds of oral cavity cancers, the frequency of tongue cancer occurrence is more significant. Brachytherapy is the most common method to cure tongue cancers. Long sources are used in different techniques of tongue brachytherapy. The objective of this study is to asses the dose distribution around long sources, comparing different radioisotopes as brachytherapy sourc...