Our objective was to determine whether a stabilized form of nitric oxide (NO) such as an S-nitrosothiol, rather than NO itself, is the vasoactive metabolite produced when glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) interacts with vascular smooth muscle. In a control study, NO formation was measured by a chemiluminescence-headspace gas method during the incubation of a prototype S-nitrosothiol, namely, S-nitroso-...

The purpose of this study was to establish valid indexes of conduit and resistance vessel structure in humans by using edge detection and wall tracking of high-resolution B-mode arterial ultrasound images, combined with synchronized Doppler waveform envelope analysis, to calculate conduit artery blood flow and diameter continuously across the cardiac cycle. Nine subjects aged 36.7 (9.2) yr unde...

With glycerol trinitrate (GTN) as the prototype, nitrates represent one of the safest and most rapidly effective pharmacological means to reduce acute symptoms of myocardial ischemia attributable to obstructive coronary disease. This has led, over the years, to the development of long-acting oral and topical preparations. However, efficacy with chronic administration is more difficult to achiev...

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the use of topical glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) ointment as an adjunct to periprostatic nerve block in reducing pain associated with transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS)-guided prostatic biopsy. PATIENTS AND METHODS In all, 148 consecutive patients (mean age 67.0 years) having their first TRUS-guided biopsy were randomized to receive either 0.2% GTN ointment or placebo 10 mi...

BACKGROUND Exhaled nitric oxide (NO) may reflect NO production and consumption but the pulmonary origin of NO in exhaled gas is not clear. There are also conflicting data on exhaled NO after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Because intravenous nitrovasodilators increase exhaled NO by conversion to NO in the lung, we measured basal and nitroglycerin (GTN)-induced exhaled NO in patients having low-r...

Glycerol trinitrate reductase (NerA) from Agrobacterium radiobacter, a member of the old yellow enzyme (OYE) family of oxidoreductases, was expressed in and purified from Escherichia coli. Denaturation of pure enzyme liberated flavin mononucleotide (FMN), and spectra of NerA during reduction and reoxidation confirmed its catalytic involvement. Binding of FMN to apoenzyme to form the holoenzyme ...

Portal-systemic shunting is an important circulatory abnormality in patients with liver cirrhosis. Glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) that is normally subject to first pass elimination, may exhibit higher bioavailability in these patients. This study compares the pharmacodynamic effects of GTN after peroral and sublingual administration for noninvasive assessment of shunting. Six control subjects and 15...

Women with recurrent abortion, primary unexplained infertility, and gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) manifest disordered human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) secretion. Mutations in the HCG beta/luteinizing hormone (LH) beta gene complex could cause aberrant HCG production in these disorders. The purpose of this study was to determine whether HCG beta gene deletions occur in women with ...

Cell cycle deregulation is common in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). To ensure proper cell cycle controlling, cyclin/cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) complexes are tightly regulated by CDK inhibitors (CKIs) in normal cells. However, insufficient cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B (CDKN1B, also known as p27Kip1) and CDKN1C (p57Kip2) proteins are characteristics of high-risk HCC. In two HCC...

Twenty-six patients with complicated acute myocardial infarction were studied in order to compare the hemodynamic effects of sodium nitroprusside (NP) and nitroglycerin (GTN). All patients received NP and 18 of the 26 also received GTN to evaluate both drugs in the same individuals. Both agents produced significant declines in mean arterial pressure, total peripheral resistance (TPR), and heart...