BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Glioblastomas, brain metastases, and PCLs may have similar enhancement patterns on MR imaging, making the differential diagnosis difficult or even impossible. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a combination of DTI and DSC can assist in the differentiation of glioblastomas, solitary brain metastases, and PCLs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-six glioblastom...

Scientists and clinicians have traditionally targeted single brain regions with stimulation to modulate brain function and disease. However, brain regions do not operate in isolation, but interact with other regions through networks. As such, stimulation of one region may impact and be impacted by other regions in its network. Here we test whether the effects of brain stimulation can be enhance...

objective(s):estrogen (e2) has neuroprotective effects on blood-brain-barrier (bbb) after traumatic brain injury (tbi). in order to investigate the roles of estrogen receptors (ers) in these effects, er-α antagonist (mpp) and, er-β antagonist (phtpp), or non-selective estrogen receptors antagonist (ici 182780) were administered. materials and methods: ovariectomized rats were divided into 10 gr...

Introduction: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an auto-immune disease that involves central nervous system (CNS). Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) is an analytical non- invasive method for obtaining the pathologic data of disease and it brings biochemical information about studied tissue which can be helped in studying the reasons and development process of disease and it increa...

We analyse the role of the empty spiracles (ems) gene in embryonic brain and ventral nerve cord development. ems is differentially expressed in the neurectoderm of the anterior head versus the trunk region of early embryos. A distal enhancer region drives expression in the deutocerebral brain anlage and a proximal enhancer region drives expression in the VNC and tritocerebral brain anlage. Muta...

This paper describes a novel automatic skull-stripping method for premature infant data. A skull-stripping approach involves the removal of non-brain tissue from medical brain images. The new method reduces the image artefacts, generates binary masks and multiple thresholds, and extracts the region of interest. To define the outer boundary of the brain tissue, a binary mask is generated using m...

Magnetic resonance (MR) images are a very useful tool to detect the tumor growth in brain but precise brain image segmentation is a difficult and time consuming process. Manual segmentation of brain tumors from MR images is a challenging and time consuming task. In this paper our approach has been discussed to detect the volume of brain tumor cells using ellipsoid-Diameter and graph based metho...

Estradiol has direct membrane-mediated effects on neurons and its effects are both neuroprotective and neurotrophic. This hormone modulates brain development and aging and affects neurochemical systems which are affected in age-related cognitive decline, AD and other neuropsychiatric disorders. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of 17β estradiol (E2) in hippocampus region ...

Noninvasive near infrared spectroscopy measurements were performed to monitor cyanide (CN) poisoning and recovery in the brain region and in foreleg muscle simultaneously, and the effects of a novel CN antidote, sulfanegen sodium, on tissue hemoglobin oxygenation changes were compared using a sub-lethal rabbit model. The results demonstrated that the brain region is more susceptible to CN poiso...

Abstract Adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing, catalyzed by ADAR enzymes, is an essential post-transcriptional modification. Although hundreds of thousands editing sites have been reported in mammals, brain-wide analysis the mammalian brain remains rare. Here, a genome-wide RNA-editing investigation performed 119 samples, representing 30 anatomically defined subregions pig brain. We identi...