BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Prevalence of cerebral microbleeds (CMB) in white and Asian populations range from 4% to 15%. However, there is no information from indigenous Latin American people. We aimed to assess prevalence and cerebrovascular correlates of CMB in stroke-free older adults living in rural Ecuador. METHODS Of 311 Atahualpa residents aged ≥60 years identified during a door-to-door su...

OBJECTIVES Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia are associated with an increase in changes in white matter on MRI. The aims were to investigate whether white matter changes also occur in dementia with Lewy bodies and to examine the relation between white matter lesions and the cognitive and non-cognitive features of dementia with Lewy bodies, Alzheimer's disease, and vascular dementia. M...

A 40-year-old female presented with progressive memory loss over the past 1-month. She had one episode of generalized tonic clonic seizure 2-months back, but did not take any treatment. She had significant involuntary weight loss. On examination she was emaciated and had a BMI of 16.4. Neurological examination showed cognitive decline in the form of loss of recent memory, judgment and abstract ...

BACKGROUND The association between brain white matter lesions and cognitive impairment in old age is well established. However, little is known about this association in midlife. As this information will inform policy for early preventative healthcare initiatives, we investigated non-periventricular frontal, temporal, parietal and occipital lobe white matter hyperintensities (WMH) in relation t...

1. On page 3, the right column, first full paragraph, the third sentence read, “A large multicenter study of WMH in 2699 stroke patients in 11 stroke centers in China suggested....” It has been changed to read, “A large multicenter study of WMH in 2699 stroke patients in 11 stroke centers in Korea suggested....” 2. On page 5, the left column, the third complete sentence read, “A recent very lar...

OBJECTIVE Demonstrate that occupational exposure to nonhypoxic hypobaria is associated with subcortical white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHODS Eighty-three altitude chamber personnel (PHY), 105 U-2 pilots (U2P), and 148 age- controlled and health-matched doctorate degree controls (DOC) underwent high-resolution MRI...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Gait impairment is common in the elderly, especially those with stroke and white matter hyperintensities on conventional brain MRI. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is more sensitive to white matter damage than conventional MRI. The relationship between DTI measures and gait has not been previously evaluated. Our purpose was to investigate the relationship between the integ...

BACKGROUND We sought to determine which systolic blood pressure (SBP) characteristics are associated with reduced brain integrity and whether these associations are stronger for white or gray matter. We hypothesized that exposure to higher and variable SBP will be associated with lower structural integrity of both gray and white matter. METHODS Neuroimaging, SBP, and cognition were obtained i...

OBJECTIVE White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are markers of brain white matter injury seen on magnetic resonance imaging. WMH increase with age and are associated with neuropsychiatric disorders. WMH progression can be slowed by controlling vascular risk factors in individuals with advanced disease. Since physical activity can decrease vascular risk factors, physical activity may slow the prog...