consumer purchasing decisions relating to foreign products are influenced by economic, psychological and sociological factors. this study attempts to relate such rarely studied variables as animosity and ethnocentrism to concepts taken from consumer behavior which are brand image and purchase intention. consequently, this study attempts to provide insights into how brand image, consumer ethnoce...

this research aimed to investigate the effect of brand vision and positioning on brand equity with regard to moderating role of product performance and using descriptive survey research. the population of research was marketing experts of superior brands in iran’s food industry, which chosen 148 sample of those population using stratified sampling method. data collection tool was a questionnair...

the purpose of this study is to develop a brand equity model for isfahan as a tourism destination. the statistical population of this study consists of the inbound tourists who have traveled to isfahan in november 2013. a sample of 200 tourists has been selected from this population. a self-administrated questionnaire has been used for collecting the research data. in order to analyze the resea...

recognizing the importance of the advertising in brand reinforcement and brand credibility, the authors conduct the present research for understanding the customers’ emotional responses toward the brand reinforcement and credibility and its effect on the perceived values and behavioral intentions. hypotheses were tested on data collected from 467 customers of mellat bank in semnan province in i...

This article examines retail branding in the single-brand retail environment. Single-brand retailers sell only private label brands, which are generally the name of the store. The foundation of this research is based on prior calls in the literature to examine private label and retail branding. This article examines the role of selfand social-identification and affiliation with a brand communit...

Brand image is defined and measured as a “set of associations which a brand has acquired for an individual” (Joyce, 1963, p. 45) and as “brand associations in consumer memory” (Keller, 1993). Strategic marketing decisions, such as positioning and segmentation, are typically based on market information obtained through consumer surveys. Brand-based industries use key market information from bran...

Three experiments examine how prevention-focused and promotion-focused consumers evaluate the comparison brand and what information they anchor on in direct comparative ads framed positively or negatively. Negative (vs. positive) frames lead prevention-focused respondents to exhibit higher evaluations for the advertised brand and lower evaluations for the comparison brand. Under promotion focus...

This paper studies the expansion of an online brand towards an offline product category through brand extensions and alliances. Specifically, it analyses the effects on the online brand image as a consequence of this expansion, and it analyses them under different conditions of image and fit. An empirical study was conducted to 407 undergraduates in a Spanish University, and data are analyzed t...

brand has been considered as one of the most important intangible assets of organizations. development of relationship between customer and brand has transformed to one of the most important strategies of the organizations which raise effective results for them. this research intends to examine role and effect of social websites on development of customer relationship and brand in firms listed ...