A new method is developed for treating the effect of the neutron-proton mass difference in isospin-violating nuclear forces. Previous treatments utilized an awkward subtraction scheme to generate these forces. A field redefinition is used to remove that mass difference from the Lagrangian (and hence from asymptotic nucleon states) and replace its effect by effective interactions. Previous calcu...

We study mediation of supersymmetry breaking in the bulk, in models with primordial supersymmetry breaking on D-branes at the string scale, in the TeV region. We compute the gravitino and scalar masses up to one-loop level, as well as the radion coupling to matter. We find that the latter mediates a model independent force at submillimeter distances that can be tested in micro-gravity experimen...

Recently, we have derived the leading and subleading isospin–breaking three–nucleon forces using the method of unitary transformation. In the present work we extend this analysis and consider the corresponding two–nucleon forces using the same approach. Certain contributions to the isospin– violating one– and two–pion–exchange potential have already been discussed by various groups within the e...

We demonstrate the ratchet and phase locking effects in a two-dimensional overdamped Frenkel-Kontorova model with a square symmetric periodic substrate when both a longitudinal dc drive and a circular ac drive are applied. Besides the harmonic steps, the large half integer steps can also clearly be seen in the longitudinal (x) direction. These half integer steps are directly correlated to the a...

Over the centuries, world economic system and the corresponding economic structure have been in a state of continuous evolution. In this paper, through the empirical analysis on the evolution history of world economic structure, we show that the underlying driving force for the evolution of world economic structure is Technology Innovation. Specifically, we find that symmetry breakings not only...

The low-lying level structures of Ne, Ne and Ne which are related to the breaking of the N=20 shell closure have been studied by the framework of the deformed-basis antisymmetrized molecular dynamics plus generator coordinate method using Gogny D1S force. The properties of the many-particle and many-hole states are discussed as well as that of the ground band. We predict that the negative-parit...

With the continuous development of high-pressure water jet technology, research on optimization structural parameters for multi-nozzle configurations, perforation effect rotational impact rock breaking, and force during breaking has received increasing attention. Through a self-designed drilling test device, experiments were conducted sandstone different strengths using streams with inclination...

Tuned Liquid Dampers (TLD) are among passive control devices that have been used to suppress the vibration of structures in recent years. These structures must be adequately presentable as an equivalent single degree of freedom system with long fundamental period. The TLD, located at the top floors of the structure, can dissipate the external input energy into the system through the sloshing ef...