BACKGROUND Population-based data on the prevalence of cobalamin and folate deficiency in India are lacking. OBJECTIVE The objective was to measure the prevalence of cobalamin and folate deficiency among children aged 6-30 mo residing in a low-to-middle income community in North India. DESIGN Children aged 6-30 mo (n = 2482) were identified through a community survey in a low-to-middle socio...

RATIONALE The evidence for an effect of breastfeeding on lung function is conflicting, in particular whether the effect is modified by maternal asthma. OBJECTIVES To explore the association between breastfeeding and school-age lung function. METHODS In the Leicestershire Cohort Studies we assessed duration of breastfeeding (not breastfed, ≤3 months, 4-6 months, and >6 months), other exposur...

A healthy, term male infant was weaned at 10 days postpartum because of his mother's illness. The baby was breastfed by his mother's sister, but mostly he was fed with his aunt's expressed milk and with formula by bottle. At 9 weeks postpartum relactation began. Techniques used were a supplemental nursing support system device; frequent suckle at the breast, supplemented by formula given by bot...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether breastfeeding is related to total adiposity, regional adiposity, and glucose and insulin dynamics in overweight Latino youth throughout puberty. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The relation between breastfeeding and diabetes risk was determined in 240 overweight (BMI > or =85th percentile) Latino children (aged 8-13 years) with a positive family history of type 2 di...

BACKGROUND Benznidazole (BNZ) is safe and effective for the treatment of paediatric Chagas disease. Treatment of adults is also effective in many cases, but discouraged in breastfeeding women because no information on BNZ transfer into breast milk is available. We aimed to evaluate the degree of BNZ transfer into breast milk in lactating women with Chagas disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS Prospec...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of breastfeeding on the risk for fever after routine immunizations. METHODS: A prospective cohort study was conducted at a pediatric vaccination center in Naples, Italy. The mothers of the infants scheduled to receive routine immunizations were instructed on how to measure and record infant temperature on the evening of the vacc...

INTRODUCTION The aims of the present study are to assess the temporal trends of organochlorine compounds (OCs) concentrations and total serum burdens from birth until adolescence and the influence of breastfeeding in these temporal trends. METHODS In 1997 two birth cohort studies were set up in Ribera d'Ebre (N=102) and the island of Menorca (N=482), Spain. Concentrations (ng/mL) of OCs [pent...

The American Academy of Pediatrics recognizes breastfeeding and human milk as the "normative standards for infant feeding." Given the documented health benefits, the Academy recommends exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months, followed by continued breastfeeding for at least 12 months as complementary foods are introduced. To better understand trends during 2000-2008 and differences in breastfeedin...

OBJECTIVE Newborns routinely receive vitamin K to prevent vitamin K deficiency bleeding. The efficacy of oral vitamin K administration may be compromised in infants with unrecognized cholestasis. We aimed to compare the risk of vitamin K deficiency bleeding under different prophylactic regimens in infants with biliary atresia. PATIENTS AND METHODS From Dutch and Danish national biliary atresi...

BACKGROUND The low zinc intake from human milk at ∼6 mo of age predicts the dependence on complementary foods (CF) to meet the zinc requirements of older breastfed-only infants. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to compare major variables of zinc homeostasis and zinc status in 9-mo-old breastfed infants who were randomly assigned to different complementary food regimens. DESIGN Fort...