Studies relating reproduction to food availability are usually restricted to food quantity, but ignore food quality and the effects of habitat structure on obtaining the food. This is particularly true for insectivorous birds. In this study we relate measures of reproductive success, time of reproduction and nestling size of water pipits (Anthus sp. spinoletta) to biomass, taxonomic composition...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of an educational campaign for reducing the breeding places of Aedes aegypti, the principal vector of dengue; and to compare its effects with the ones obtained by spraying of malathion at ultralow volume. DESIGN Randomised community trial. SETTING Colima city, in the State of Colima, Mexico. PARTICIPANTS Householders of 187 houses, randomly selected from t...

The common swift (Apus apus) is adapted to an aerial lifestyle, where food and nest material are captured in the air. Observations have prompted scientists to hypothesize that swifts stay airborne for their entire non-breeding period [1, 2], including migration into sub-Saharan Africa [3-5]. It is mainly juvenile common swifts that occasionally roost in trees or buildings before autumn migratio...

Effectiveness in controlling mosquito larvae in stormwater catch basins in the North Shore Mosquito Abatement District (northeastern Cook County, IL) was determined for 2 extended-duration larvicides indicating up to 180 days of control on their labels (Natular™ XRT, FourStar® Briquet) and 3 larvicides indicating up to 30 days of control (Natular™ T30, Natular™ G30, and VectoLex® FG). Over the ...

accumulations of large quantities of wastes (manure, used litter, dead birds) which are excellent medium for fly-larvae over poultry houses provide breeding places for different groups of fly pests, with house-flies being the dominant species. this project is a comparative lab study. in this research project the larvicidal effects of cyromazine and triflumuron were studied as two insect growth ...

the identification of different species of simuliidae, also called “black fly”, is based on particular structure of oral and terminal appendages of their larvae add also on the special morphology of adults and pupaes. because of their considerable flight range, the problem of finding their resting places, and also the difficulties of collecting the adult flies, breeding of this insect, in the l...

Malaria continues to be a public health problem in Bangladesh, despite efforts in the 1960s to eradicate the vectors through the use of DDT. At one point, eradication of malaria was acclaimed but later on it reappeared. The use of DDT is no more legally allowed in Bangladesh, which has been officially replaced by a number organophosphates and/or synthetic pyrethroids and their combinations in a...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Two bacterial larvicide (bio-larvicide) formulations--Bacticide and VectoBac containing viable endospores and delta endotoxin of Bacillus thuringiensis var israelensis H-14 were evaluated in 2001 for their mosquito larvicidal efficacy under the operational conditions of urban malaria control programme in Surat city, India. METHODS Larvicides were applied at the recomme...