The disposal and leaks of hydraulic fracturing wastewater (HFW) to the environment pose human health risks. Since HFW is typically characterized by elevated salinity, concerns have been raised whether the high bromide and iodide in HFW may promote the formation of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) and alter their speciation to more toxic brominated and iodinated analogues. This study evaluated the...

Four new methods using titrimetry and spectrophotometry are described for the rapid determination of amoxycillin in bulk drug and dosage forms. In direct titrimetry (Method A), the drug is titrated with bromate–bromide mixture in acid medium using methyl orange indicator. Back titrimetry (Method B) entails adding a known excess amount of bromatebromide mixture to the drug solution in acid mediu...

ulatory standard for minimizing potentihealth effects arising from their ingestion in drinking water (5). Other common inorganic anions, such as fluoride, chloride, and sulfate, are considered secondary contaminants and are regulated under the U.S. National Secondary Drinking Water Standards, which are guidelines for taste, color, odor, and certain aesthetic effects (6). Although bromide is not...

Carboxypeptidase and protease activities of hormone-treated barley (Hordeum vulgare cv Himalaya) aleurone layers were investigated using the substrates N-carbobenzoxy-Ala-Phe and hemoglobin. A differential effect of gibberellic acid (GA(3)) on these activities was observed. The carboxypeptidase activity develops in the aleurone layers during imbibition without the addition of hormone, while the...

Chloroform and other bromochlorotrihalomethanes were first identified as disinfection byproducts (DBPs) in chlorinated water in 1970s. Since then, many other DBPs have been identified such as haloacetonitriles, haloacetaldehydes, cyanogen halides, aldehydes, ketoacids, chlorite, bromate and other organic and inorganic compounds. Due to their occurrence and potential health risks, the U.S.EPA pr...

__________________________________________________________________________ Given the stringent regulations on Disinfection By-Product (DBP) formation levels (10 μg.L-1 in the case of bromate ions), process modellers are seeking an in-depth understanding of all chemical phenomena occurring during ozonation. This remains an uneasy task since ozone may, directly via molecular reactions involving o...

As early as 1854 Knop proposed the use of potassium bromate and hyclrobromic acid for the determination of Iodine values and lately again Tolle (J. Pharm. Chem, 1905, 31, 111 and 183) and Mossier (Ph^n. Zeit., 1907) have proposed the use of Bromine from one source or another for the determination of the degree of unsaturation of fats. Mossier uses a mixture of potassium bromate and bromide acid...

Studies were undertaken to determine whether extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) oscillations regulate a unique subset of genes in human keratinocytes and subsequently whether the p38 stress response inhibits ERK oscillations. A DNA microarray identified many genes that were unique to ERK oscillations, and network reconstruction predicted an important role for the mediator complex subun...

A new method for the simultaneous determination of bromate and six bromoacetic acids in water was developed by online coupling anion-exchange chromatography separation to element-specific inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) detection. Factors affecting the chromatographic and ICP-MS performances were systematically investigated. The separation was achieved on a Dionex IonPac A...

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